Synthesis And Investigation Of New Cationic Asphalt Emulsifiers

Four novel cationic asphalt emulsifiers were synthesized in this paper. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained by the investigation of various factors that influenced the reaction yield. The synthesis process was monitored by online FTIR technique. The chemical structure of the product was confirmed by FTIR, H NMR and elemental analysis. The performance tests of emulsifiers were investigated in the mixing text.A novel cationic asphalt emulsifier of N-(3-polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether (10)-2-hydroxyl) propyl-N,N,N-triethyl ammonium chloride was synthesized by nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (NP-10), epichlorohydrin and triethylamine. The optimum reaction condition was obtained. The yield reaches 48.72% at the optimum conditions of the feedstock mole ratio of NaOH to NP-10 1.0, the mole ratio of epichlorohydrin to NP-10 1.2, the mole ratio of triethylamine to NP-10 1.2, reaction temperature 70℃ and reaction time 8 h. The structure of the emulsifier was identified by FTIR. The synthesis process was monitored by online FTIR technique and the intermediate was detected. Based upon the experimental data, a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed for the reaction. The target product has good surface activity and satisfactory emulsification effect. The CMC of the objective product has a lower value of 1.19×10-3 mol/L. The surface tension at CMC is 40.13 mN/m. The emulsifier belongs to slow-set asphalt emulsifier.A novel tertiary amine asphalt emulsifier of octadecyl-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-carboxymethyl ammonium chloride was synthesized by the reaction of octadecyl amine, acrylic acid and chloroacetic acid. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained. The yield reaches 52.39% at the optimum conditions of reaction temperature 70 ℃, reaction time 5 h, feedstock mole ratio of acrylic acid to octadecyl amine 2.2. The chemical structure of the product was characterized by FTIR,1H NMR and elemental analysis. The synthesis process was monitored by online FTIR technique. The intermediate was detected by the online FTIR analysis. Based upon the experimental data, a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed for the reaction. The CMC of the asphalt emulsifier has a lower value of 3.72×10-4 mol/L. The surface tension at CMC is 40.05 mN/m. The composites of the emulsifier and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether have excellent emulsifying ability to AH-90 asphalt. The emulsifier belongs to rapid-set asphalt emulsifier.A novel asphalt emulsifier of octadecyl-bis(2-hydroxy propyl)-sodium acetate ammonium chloride was synthesized by the reaction of octadecyl amine, propylene oxide and sodium chloroacetate. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained. The yield reaches 79.00% at the optimum conditions of reaction temperature 75 ℃, reaction time 4 h, feedstock mole ratio of sodium chloroacetate to octadecyl amine 2.2. The chemical structure of the product was characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR and elemental analysis. The synthesis process was monitored by online FTIR technique. The intermediate was detected by the online FTIR analysis. Based upon the experimental data, a plausible reaction mechanism was proposed for the reaction. The CMC of the asphalt emulsifier has a lower value of 3.49×10-3mol/L. The emulsifier has excellent emulsifying ability to AH-90 asphalt. The emulsifier belongs to rapid-set asphalt emulsifier.A novel cationic type asphalt emulsifier of 2-triethylenetetramine methylene-4-nonylphenol was synthesized by the reaction of nonyl phenol, triethylenetetramine and formaldehyde. The optimum reaction condition was obtained. The yield reaches 49.21% at the optimum reaction condition of the feedstock mole ratio of formaldehyde to nonyl phenol 2.8, feedstock mole ratio of triethylenetetramine to nonyl phenol 1.0, reaction temperature 95 ℃, and reaction time 5 h. The structure of the emulsifier was identified by FTIR. The emulsifier exhibits satisfactory emulsification. The emulsifier belongs to the class of mid-set asphalt emulsifiers.