Underground Mall Performance-based Fire Protection Design And Research

With the rapid development of China’s economy, the city ground land has becomeespecially tighter. More and more cities began to develop underground commercialbuildings to satisfy people’s growing material and cultural needs. Due to the specialnature of underground commercial building’s function and structure, once a fire occurs,it may cause great harm. On the other hand, due to lots of Fire hazards in undergroundmall, its performance-based fire protection design has become the focus of societyattention.To these large-scale underground commercial buildings which have larger space,complex structure and varieties of features,"prescriptive" fire safety design based onnorms has been unable to meet the requirements of the rapid development of modernsociety. Performance-based fire protection design is a methods that using the principlesand methods of fire science and fire safety engineering, take different fire measuresaccording to the actual situation of the inside the building to achieve the goal of firesafety, and then make a quantitative prediction and assessment. It is more holistic than"prescriptive" fire protection design. Because of flexibility, adaptability and superiority,it is widely used in countries around the world.This paper describes the theoretical basis of performance-based fire protectiondesign simulation studies. Firstly describe the basic process of interior fire developmentand stages. Secondly discussed several factors affect the fire safety of personnelevacuation, which include flue gas and temperature. Then calculate the flow of flue gasplume and smoke settling time, provide the basis for the evacuation time. Finallydiscuss the smoke control and temperature control in underground mall, describeseveral smoke control ways in architecture smoke control system, the requirements for sprinklers in Sprinkler system and so on. Lay the foundation for performance-basedcomputer simulation fire safety design.Using dynamic field simulation software FDS carried out numerical simulation fora large underground shopping mall in Xi’an Qujiang. Studied the concentrationdistribution in the flue gas, the temperature of safety height, the temperature ofevacuation routes, evacuation routes visibility, CO volume fraction of evacuation routes,and smoke layer height etc, When a fire occurs in the evacuation routes, analysis theaffect of smoke and temperature control when the amount of smoke exhaust, air supplyratio, spray pressure changed. Then this paper carried out Simulation and verificationwhen the fire occurs in shop.The study contents and recommendations in this paper have a certain significanceand reference value for underground mall fire design.