Safety Risk Assessment On The Evacuation In The Unexpected Accident Of Subway And Research On The Entrances And Exits Of The Xihuangcun Station

With the fast development of China’s urban rail transit,the security issues of urban rail transit are attracting wide attention.The fire accident is the most frequent among subway emergencies occurred at home and abroad. Risk assessment is one of the effective measures to reduce the risk of the emergency. How to prevent and reduce casualties effectively in case of emergency, especially to prevent the occurrence of serious accidents with high casualty has become a hotspot in the areas of public safety at home and abroad, and it is also an important part in the design of the subway.This paper makes a summing-up of operation risk factors on the urban rail transit emergencies and establishs a fault tree by the FAT analyze degree. In this paper,on the basis of FAT,fuzzy synthetic evaluation theory is used to judge the emergency risk safety of the west extension of Beijing subway line6project:firstly, determine the weight of each component through taking the advantage of the AHP,then evaluate each factor’s severity and probability through the expert investigation method, thus confirm the level of risk and establish risk matrix, finally realize safety risk assessment on the subway by using multi-layer fuzzy synthetic evaluation theory. Then simulate the evacuate time by the highly effective three dimensional software-Vissim. We can gain the Required Egress time (REST) of the station in the emergency situation. Then compare the REST with the AEST,and analyze whether it can meet the design requirements or not. Then analyze the process of the evacuation, give some advice about station entrance-exit. Then analyze the process again after the improvement,and make the station’s evacuation capacity meet the design requirements.This paper focuses mainly on establishing the safety evaluation system suitable for the evacuation in the unexpected accident of subway by using qualitative and quantitative analysis and evaluation methods, which provides theoretical and technical support for the safety evaluation system suitable for the evacuation in the unexpected accident of subway.