Research On City Public Toilets Design Based On The Phenomenology Of Architecture

With the continuous development of the city, people’s living standard and awareness of civilization has been improved, the city public toilet as an important part of city infrastructure, attract more and more attention. Modern life giving private bathroom with multiple identities, toilet is not only the place for meeting the physiological needs; it must also meet the full-featured, comfortable use, design humanization, spiritual needs, it can give the user certain psychological response. This is a process from physiology to psychological, it is this process that leads to the redefinition of modern toilet. Therefore, more and more attention worth to be paid to the research and design of the city public toilet.The phenomenology of architecture comes from the phenomenological philosophy thought of Edmund Husserl, it has experienced three stage: Heidegger’s Existentialism, Schultz’s GENIUS LOCI and developed by Steven Holl. In this paper we inspect the city toilet based on the perspective of architecture phenomenology, pay attention to people’s visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile and other sensory experience in the process of using the city toilet.Firstly we discriminates the related theory-Architectural Phenomenology, find out the suitable way of analysis for city toilet design.Then we expounds the definition and classification of toilet and the course of development, analysis it, and understand the development status of China’s city toilet and the big gap between our country and other developed countries.The author also investigates the city public toilet’s place characteristic, respectively from the two aspects of internal character and outside. The public toilet is the infrastructure of the city with small body but enormous demand, it also can convey public city civilization and progress, and it should be identified. But from the internal character of place, it should be public place for solving the city human’s physiological needs, and the place for people’s rest, even a public place with intensive facilities, and used by male and female. According to the character of place the place spirit should be a coordinated with the surrounding environment, a real toilet from physiology to spiritual reliefThen analyzes the toilet on human perception-visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile experience factors, such as light, color, sound insulation, ventilation, material and unconstructive barriers, and so on, hoping to create a visual experience is good, light environment rich soft, acoustic environment pleasant city, toilet smell good.Finally, through the examples, we look for the best perceptual experience in the process of using public toilet.