The Research And FPGA Implementation Of Brain-computer Interface Technology Of Intelligent Wheelchair

With the development of human civilization, the community has becomeincreasingly concerned about the protection of the quality of vulnerable groups suchas the disabled and the elderly citizen. As an auxiliary means of transport, intelligentwheelchairs have already walked into our lives. However, the existing intelligentwheelchair has been increasingly unable to meet the needs of the disabled and theelderly who lack of self-care ability. In this case, we need to study a more convenient,safer intelligent wheelchair.BCI (Brain-Computer Interface technology) is that uses EEG(Electroencephalograph) signals, replacing the conventional peripheral nerves andmuscles, communicate with and control the outside devices. In recent years, BCItechnology has rapid development and widespread application in the field of military,medical, industrial, domestic and international rehabilitation. Especially in the fieldof rehabilitation, the use of BCI technology can help many patients who sufferedsevere damage in the central nervous system and possess healthy brain function torecover the ability of communication and looking after themselves in daily life.A BCI intelligent wheelchair system which needs only a small amount oftraining for subjects is proposed in this paper. This system is based on the theory thatduring left and right hand motor imagery, according to the corresponding region ofthe brain function of normal human, brain EEG rhythms increased and amplitudedecreased and that after a short time with eyes closed α-wave amplitude of EEG canbe significantly enhanced. Acquisition EEG of two electrodes C3and C4, thedetected signals were preamp and isolation, and then went through a series of digitalsignal processing, pattern recognition and classification, and finally controlledelectric wheelchair to take appropriate action.Texas Instruments (TI) Company’s ADS1198is employed as the core for theanalog front-end circuit, realizing EEG or ECG acquisition, amplification, isolationand other pretreatment operations. Altera Company’s FPGA chip Cyclone II EP2C70F896C6and PC are used for spectrum analysis. Finally, control KB5618,the YIFUCON’s wheelchair, to take corresponding action. The system has highaccuracy, small size, low power consumption, good practicality and scalability.