| This study consists of three parts: 1, fertilized eggs are exposed to solution of crude oil with different concentration, then we keep observe and record what happened to study the effect of solution of crude oil on embryonic development, larval development,deformities of larva and the activity of larva; carps are exposed to solution of crude oil with different concentration, the livers and gills of carp are removed to study the effect of solution of crude oil on the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of MDA in them; carp re exposed to solution of crude oil for a longer time, then some biochemical indexes in serum determined to the effects of solution of crude oil on the health of carp.The main results are as follows:The fertilized eggs of silver carp(Carassius auratus gibelio) are exposed to solution of different concentration(the concentration of soluble substance of crude oil are respectively 4.50, 9.90, 15.00mg/L) and aerated tap water, the hatching rate,incubation time and larval deformities are recorded. The results show that the number of dead larva is more than the number of dead fertilized eggs, the solution of crude oil has greater effects on larva than fertilized eggs. Oil-soluble component does not directly cause death of the embryo, there is no significant difference in dead number of fertilized eggs between groups of different concentration, the incubation time of experimental groups is shorter than the control group; the results show component of crude oil cause developmental defects, weak color and deformities in larva, slow the heart rate of larva,even kill the larva.The carp are exposed to solution of different concentration(the concentration of soluble substance of crude oil are respectively 0.03, 0.30, 3.00mg/L) and aerated tap water to explore the effect of solution on antioxidant system of liver and gills. The result show when exposure time is 1d, the activity of SODã€GST and GPX increased with theconcentration of soluble substance of crude oil, when the exposure time prolonged to 7d,the activity of SODã€GST and GPX in liver and gills of carp dereased in test group whose concentration is 3.00mg/L, maybe the soluble substance of crude oil on liver and gills exceed the tolerance range of carp. The activity of SOD changed in the same way in liver and gills, but not the activity of GPX and GST, this maybe caused by difference of structure and function of liver and gills. The activity of CAT changed in the same way in liver and gill, were induced and increased at first and then decreased. The content of MDA increased with the exposure time, means that soluble substance of crude oil elevated the oxdative strss in liver and gill.The carp are exposed to solution of different concentration(the concentration of soluble substance of crude oil are respectively 0.03,0.30,3.00,15.00 mg/L) and aerated tap water for 28 d to study the effect of crude oil on biochemical parameters and health of carp. The results show that the content of total protein in blood of experimental group are higher than control group, especially when the concentration above 0.30mg/L; the content of globulin in experimental groups are higher than control group, consistent with the variation tendency of total protein; however, the content of albumin and the value of A / G in experimental groups are lower than control group,especially when the concentration above 0.30mg/L. In addition, the activity of GOT,ALP,LDH in serum of experimental groups are higher than control group,especially when the concentration above 0.30mg/L. The variation tendency of the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of MDA show prolonged exposure in solution of crude oil can suppress the activity of antioxidant enzymes, resulting high content of MDA in the body of fish. Overall, exposed to solution of crude oil can cause immune response in carp, exposed to solution of crude oil with high concentration for a longtime will lead to abnormal biochemical indicators in serum and health deterioration of carp. |
