High Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Material Based On Nano-Vanadium Nitride Incorporated On Carbon Framework Derived From Ionic Amphiphilic Block Copolymers & Vanadium-Contained Ion Assembly Systems

In the past few years, plenty of researches have focused on cathode materials; however, anode materials were relatively very little studied. Developing anode materials with high energy density is strongly desired for high-performance supercapacitors. This is our primary motivation of the present study. Through the resulting data and analysis, conclusions were obtained as follows:1) PAA-b-PAN-b-PAA was used as the polymeric precursor, while the PAA block was used as sacrifice sections to load VO₃-. The copolymer self-dissociate and load the VO₃- in DMF/H₂ O solution. After that, a thermal treatment was carried out at 800 °C in a tube furnace under N2/NH3 gas mixture atmosphere for 1 h to get quantum dot-sized VN nanoparticles on porous carbon nanospheres（PCNS@VNNP）. Compared with the traditional VN materials, the PCNS@VNNP has a high electrochemical performance. We conclude some reasons for he high performance based on the experiments. The sacrifice sections at the high temperature help the VN materials to form more sites for the electrochemical reaction. The existence and homogeneous dispersion of carbon in the shell is due to the incompletely pyrolysis of the ―sacrifice chains‖ of –PAA, which can help the composite to deserve a better cycle life. In this work, the specific capacitance of the composite was 119.2F/g, and the calculated capacitance of VN materials was 229.7F/g. Meanwhile, the prepared PCNS@VNNP has a good cycling stability with high capacitance retention of 65.5 %.2) PAN-b-PDMC-b-PAN was used as the polymeric precursor, while the PDMC is used as sacrifice sections to carry VO₃-. The copolymer self-dissociate to skeleton structure and load the VO₃- in the DMSO/H₂ O condition. The prepared copolymer-VO₃- is handled in the same condition as work 1 to from VN/C composite. The VN/C has a good space structure and exhibits a better electrochemical performance than the PCNS@VNNP. One hand, the VN/C composite has a higher capacitance which the specific capacitance of the VN/C composite is 195.7 F/g and the calculated VN material is 587.1F/g. Another hand, the cycling stability is further improved which can reach 75%.