| Hierarchical porous material has been explored for numerous potential applications, such as adsorption and separation, catalytic carrier, photonic sensors, and energy storage, which has attracted a great deal of interests. Due to the developed porosity and the huge specific surface area, its application performance was greatly improved for the multi-directional mass transfer pathways, great mass transfer rate, and more active sites, In this dissertation, we combined the colloidal crystal template with Friedel-Crafts crosslinking reaction to synthesis hierarchical porous polystyrene(HP CLPS), and the adsorption, catalytic performance were investgated after being functionalized. In addition, the special hierarchical porous interlocked nanocapsule(HPINc) has been fabricated through shell polymerization and Friedel-Crafts crosslinking reaction. The main research details and consequence are as follows:1. Hierarchical porous crosslinked polystyrene(HP CLPS) was prepared by silica colloidal crystal template and Friedel-Crafts crosslinking reaction. Then it was further modified with different functional groups. The materials were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and the specific surface area porosity analyzer. The fabricated hierarchical porous construction contained mesopore of 3.3 nm and macroporous of 270 nm, which exhibited high surface area up to 625.55 m2/g. The HP CLPS modified with ethylenediamine(HP CLPS-EDA) showed very high adsorption capacity towards SA(415.23 mg/g when the initial concentration of SA is 500 mg/L). Besides, the catalytic performance investigation indicated that the sulfonated HP CLPS(HP CLPS-SO3H) which was considered as solid acid catalyst revealed high substrate conversion rate(63.3%) and high selectivity(99.1%);2. The linear polymer chains(PS) were grafted to the surface of SiO2 Opal via SI-ATRP,which were further crosslinked by Friedel-Crafts reaction to form mesopore. After removal of SiO2 Opal, HPIC was achieved, then it was functionalized by sulfonic acid groups(HPINc-SO3H). The materials were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TEM, and surface area and porosity analyzer. The adsorption properties of HPINc-SO3 H were evalulated by methylene blue in aqueous solution. The removal rate could be 96% when the initial concentration was 20 mg/L and the adsorption equilibrium time was only 60 min. In the catalytic performance test, HPINc-SO3 H showed good catalytic activity and stability, the conversion of benzaldehyde and the selectivity of 2-phenyl-1,3-dioxane reached 62.94% and 99.19%, respectively. Meanwhile, it displayed high effective utilization of sulfonic acid group. In addition, the material also had excellent regenerative properties, for the substrate conversion maintained 60% at least, the selectivity was all more than 98%, after five times regeneration. All the results implied that the HPINc-SO3 H is a perfect potential solid acid catalyst. |
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