Research On Layout Optimization Of Flame Detectors In FPSO

Process system of FPSO(Floating Production Storage and Offloading) is complex and is difficult controlled, that severe increase the FPSO operation risk. Besides there are a large number of flammable and explosive substances that can lead to fire and explosion accidents similar to Mexico gulf ―deep-water horizons‖ accident which caused lots of casualties and production stopped etc. heavy losses. At present, the flame detectors in most of the FPSO are laid out by ―prescriptive‖ standard theory as the main means. Many hazardous events such as unreasonable layout, false alarms and inadequate number flame detectors etc. are happened frequently. Then the process anomalies cannot be found in time by the staff, and eventually a big fire explosion accident will be happened. A large amount of hydrocarbon gases can be accompanied in the whole FPSO process of oil production, storage and discharge, so it is important to put forward optimized layout technology of flame detector in FPSO.Through the analysis of the FPSO system components, technological process and module layout, the FPSO electric module was divided into seven 0 class danger zone and two 1 class danger zone; Based on the HAZID hazards identification method, danger zone in the FPSO electric module was identified disaster: four guide words were determined, and prevention measures were formulated for the potential harm event, the detectors types needed by each danger zone were certain as well; According to the HAZID risk analysis form, the detection principle, radiation pattern, detection range and field of vision of the flame detector were studied; Then the mathematical model of the flame detector coverage was built and the three frequencies infrared flame detector of E Company was chose to be used of; the coverage optimization process of particle swarm optimization(PSO) was made; Based on the coverage mathematical model and particle swarm optimization method, the MATLAB program code were worked out; Through computation, four flame detectors were needed by the compressor equipment room of FPSO danger zone, and the simulation parameters were set up to lay out the flame detector applied the optimized design method, flame detector overlay of the compressor equipment room was drew used of CAD software as well; Finally under the same condition, flame detectors were laid out in the compressor equipment room with the traditional experience method, and the optimized layout scheme of flame detectors was compared with the traditional experience method. The comparative analysis results showed that: the two optimized layout methods were superior to the traditional experience method, not only improving the flame detectors coverage rate of dangerous zones, but also strengthening the flame detection accuracy and reducing the false alarms frequency.