| Environmental pollution and energy crisis have been globle issues for many years, at a certain degree, and they have important impacts on both the development of a country and the daily live of the people. The gas sensor can detect different gases at a low concentration, especially for harmful gases, and with the help of the sensor, we can make a early preparation and treatment to reduce the loss.However, the materials of the active layer of the sensor show great importance on the detection sensitivity of the sensor, affecting the performance of the sensor. Conductive polymer material can be used as an active layer of the sensor due to its sensitivity to the environment. As a new energy conversion equipment, low temperature fuel cells can convert the chemical energy of some renewable and clean fuels, such as methanol,rhtanol hydrogen, into electrical energy. However, there are some problems in its wide appilications, one of the key factors in solving these problems is to find an efficient and inexpensive catalyst. N, Fe co-doped carbon materials used as catalyst for low temperature fuel cells have received lots of researchs, and the results show the potential in the wide use in low temperature fuel cells.In this thesis, gas sensors was fabricated with the use of P3 HT as the active layer and the N,Fe co-doped carbon materials catalyst was preparaed with the use of TCNQ and FeCl3·2H2O as the raw materials.The results showed that they have good performaces in the field of gas sensor and oxygen reduction reaction, respectively. The work mainly included as follow:Firstly, with the pre- and post-treatment, a polymer film containing nanowires was obtained using amorphous conductive polymer P3 HT as raw material, and after the HAuCl4 doping process, not only the color of the film changed from brown red into blue purper, but the conductivity of the film has been improved from 47.2 uS/cm to 71.7 S/cm.When expoused to methylamine and mercaptan gases, the doped films showed different changes in both color and conductivity, and according to the changes, the two kinds of harmful gas can be detected. Conbined with electrochemical oxided P3 HT films, a gas senoer was fabricated to detect and distinguish the two kinds of harmful gases, and the low limit of the detection can reach several ppm.Secondly, at a controlling temperature from 700 ℃ to 1100 ℃, N,Fe co-doped carbon materials was prepared with the use of TCNQ and FeCl3·2H2O at a mass ratios from 1:1 to 15:1. The XPS results show that the sample(noted as S-10-1000) prepared at 1000 ℃with a mass ratio of 10:1 has a lowest Fe content(0.25 at.%), and a highest N content(3.92 at.%), so the ratio of molar content of nitrogen, iron is up to 15.68. Electrochemical tests showed that, compared with the commercial Pt/C, the obtained sample S-10-1000 showed excellent oxygen reduction catalytic properties,with the onset potential of-0.03 V vs. Ag/AgCl. In addition,the sample showed a better stability than commercial Pt/C in an alkaline solution, which provides a reference for the use of conjugated polymer as the catalyst for ORR. |
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