Synthesis Of A Multi-channel Sensor And Application In The Detection Of Explosives And Ions

In recent years, the research on chemical probes become very active, and searching for new fluorophores with improved sensitivity and selectivity as well as design of probes with detection function is still a challenge for the analytical research efforts. To improve the sensitivity, selectivity or the reusibility of probes, following the general design principles and signal transmission mechanisms and the fluorescence resonance energy transfer（FRET） of the fluorescence probes, in this dissertation, three of novel fluorescent probes were designed and synthesized for Ag⁺,Hg²⁺,Al³⁺ ions and TNT and derivatives explosive molecules detection, which were based on aggregation induced emission, the extraction and the FRET.The details are summarized as follows:In the first chapter, The Luminescence mechanism of fluorescent probe, as well as the recognition mechanism of the fluorescent probe was discussed. The latest research results of fluorescent probe of metal ions and explosive molecules were summarized, and these probes were introduced according to the reaction principle.A fluorescent probe SA based on 3,4-bis（phenylamino）cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione fluorophore was introduced in the second chapter. The probe showed a high selectivity and sensitivity not only to silver ion in the channel of UV absorption spectra, but also for explosive molecules in the channel of UV absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra. Moreover, the solution color changes with addition of the target analytes could be observed under the sunlight and UV light, respectively, which showed important potential application values.In chapter 3, we designed and synthesized a novel compound NC（naphthaldehyde–carbonohydrazone） for the detection of aluminum ion and mercury ion. In the channel of UV absorption spectra and fluorescence emission spectra, the probe showed high selectivity for Hg²⁺ and Al³⁺. Job’s plot was employed to determine the binding stoichiometry of NC and Hg²⁺(Al³⁺). It showed the complex of NC and Hg²⁺(Al³⁺) exhibited a 1:1 stoichiometry binding mode. In the case of the use of masking agent,we can also qualitative and quantitative distinction the Hg²⁺ and Al³⁺. At the same time, the characteristics of NC based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer mechanism, also can qualitative and quantitative analysis to TNT and its derivatives.In chapter 4, we designed and synthesized a novel compound AC（anthracene–carbonohydrazone） for the detection of mercury ion. In the channel of UV absorption spectra, the absorption peak of the solution with the addition of the mercury ion is obviously different from the absorption peak of the solution of other ions; and in the fluorescence emission spectra, the fluorescence emission intensity of AC increases with the increase of the concentration of Hg²⁺. The probe showed high selectivity for Hg ion. Job’s plot was also employed to determine the binding stoichiometry of AC and Hg²⁺. It showed the complex of AC and Hg²⁺ exhibited a maximum fluorescence emission, when the molecular fraction of Hg²⁺ was closed to 0.5, indicating that a 1:1 stoichiometry are possible for the binding mode of AC and Hg²⁺.A summarization was concluded in the fifth chapter, and some suggestions were stated for the past work, prospects for the development of fluorescent probes.