| Platinum group elements related to the automotive catalyst Pt, Pd and Rh to accumulate in the environment, the resulting environmental problems has aroused people’s attention. Platinum group elements, trace elements will bring serious health hazard to human body in atmospheric environment, the study of PGE and trace elements in atmospheric particulates have been many scholars attention. because of the low sample mass and low content, accurate analysis is difficult, research the accurate, simple, fast, low detection limit, without complex pretreatment PGE detection analysis method is very important. and analysis the content of trace elements and of PGE in particulate matter, understand its source area features and pollution level, has the vital significance to protect the public’s health.This paper collected Guiyang different size samples(PM10 and PM2.5)from December 2014 to November 2015, studied the levels of atmospheric particulate matter concentration level and seasonal variation, Establish a determination of platinum group elements and some poisonous and harmful trace elements of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in atmospheric particulate matter, then research their space-time distribution characteristics, particle size concentration degree and the seasonal change rule, finally enrichment factormethod was used to analyze the source of atmospheric particulate matter PGE,and using enrichment factor and factor analysis to resolve the sources of trace elements in atmospheric particulate matter. The following conclusions:(1)Established the aqua regia, hydrofluoric acid digestion samples, Dowex, 50 W X8 cation resin and P507 extraction resin separation and enrichment of PGE, Ir as internal standard, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry determination of trace elements in particulate matter and PGE detection analysis method;The results of international certified reference material agree well with the certified(or reported) values.(2)The annual average mass concentration of Guiyang PM10 and PM2.5 was 108.5μg/m3,72.1μg/m3. The characteristic of seasonal variation is obvious :winter>autumn > spring > summer. due to the temperature inversion weather occurred frequently and the small wind speed, and the increasing of coal combustion in winter, lead to the spread of pollutants becomes difficult, which causes high concentrations of the atmospheric particulate; While in summer, because to the shorter time of generating and existing thermal inversion layer, the strong solar radiation, air convection activities and the rain on the removal of the pollutants have obvious effect, makes the air pollution degree of ease.(3)There was significant correlation between PM10 and PM2.5. And during the heating period, the percentage of PM10 that PM2.5 occupied was more than the percentage during non-heating period, which indicated that burning of coal is an important source of PM2.5.(4)The concentration of Pd, Pt and Rh in PM10 were 6.39 pg/m3, 2.41 pg/m3 and 0.55pg/m3 respectively in Guiyang; and 4.19pg/m3,1.73pg/m3 and 0.38 pg/m3 respectively in PM2.5.The highest concentrations of Pd in particulate matter, ternary catalytic converters with cars in Pd is associated with increased dosage.(5)Significant seasonal variation of the concentration of platinum-group elements, winter is greater than the spring, and mainly concentrated in the fine particulate matter.Spatial distribution show that PGE concentrations related to traffic density, combined with correlation analysis, factor analysis showed enrichment of platinum group elements particulate matter from automobile exhaust catalysts.(6)The concentrations of the 14 trace element of Guiyang atmospheric particulates in order were Zn>Cu>Mn>Cr>Pb>Sb>Sn>As>Se>Ni>V>Cd>Mo>Co.Theaverageconcentration ofAs more than GB3095-2012 national standard limit, was close to the WHO(6.6ng/m3) limitinPM10,therefore, should place more attention on the As pollution.(7)Winter the sampling points of trace element concentrations higher than other seasons, the characteristics of the coal element concentration is roughly winter > spring > autumn > summer.Enrichment factor analysis showed that the particles of Zn, Cu, Cr, Pb, Sb, Sn, Se, Ni, Cd mainly comes from man-made pollution;As, V, Mo, Co is part comes from man-made pollution, partly derived from natural sources;And pollution source of Mn element is mainly soil emissions.Factor analysis showed that typical trace elements of particles mainly comes from the emission of coal combustion, vehicle emissions, soil, sand,road dust, industrial emissions in Guiyang. |
PDF Full Text Request