Synthesis And Properties Investigation Of Viscosity Reducer For Heavy Oil

Heavy oil resource is extremely rich, its exploitation and utilization concerning the energy security and world peace. Viscosity reduction is an important prerequisite for large-scale exploitation of heavy oil. However, traditional viscosity reduction methods(dilution method, heating method) have different defects in varying degrees. Emerging viscosity reduction methods(Electromagnetic viscosity reduction, microbial viscosity reduction, etc.) are not mature enough yet. Chemical viscosity reduction technology has distinct advantages and great potential and has become a hot research both at home and abroad.In this paper, oil-soluble viscosity reducer and water-soluble viscosity reducer were designed and synthesized according to corresponding viscosity reduction mechanism. The structures of intermediates and reducers were confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The evaluation of oil-soluble and water-soluble viscosity reducer was reference to relevant industry standards. The results were compared with commercial reducer to judge its practical application value. In order to improve the effect of emulsifying reducing, a compounding formula was studied based on the comprehensive evaluation. Finally, we get a compounding formula which has important guiding function and application value.A sulfobetaine-type oil-soluble viscosity reducer was synthesized through amidation and sulfonation using Oleic acid, N,N-Dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine and 1,3-Propanesultone as raw materials. The structures were confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Sulfobetaine viscosity reducer dissolved in BTX aromatics(distillation range of 80 ~ 170℃) prepared a 10wt% YJN-1 oil soluble viscosity reducer. 10% YJN-1 dosage, the viscosity reduction rate of 1# and 2# heavy oil are about 90%. 5% YJN-1 dosage, the viscosity reduction rate of super heavy oil(140Pa·s) is up to 85%. YJN-1 is more competent than the commercial reducer when applied to super heavy oil. Compared to commercial reducer, YJN-1 has a more stable viscosity-reducing effect and a wider application range. Consequently, YJN-1 has a better viscosity-reducing ability than commercial reducer.The surface active monomer(AMC14S) was synthesized from Acrylonitrile, 1-Tetradecene and Oleum under moderate conditions and its structures were confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Design orthogonal experiment and optimizing the polymerization conditions of AMC14 S and AMPS. The AMC14S/AMPS copolymer(PMS)which used as emulsifier was synthesized under the optimum polymerization condition. 1500 ppm PMS dosage, emulsification viscosity reduction rate of Shengli heavy oil is close to 99.5% and dehydration rate is up to 98.7%. PMS has good salt tolerance and temperature resistant ability, salt resistant capacity can up to 85000mg/L, temperature resistant capacity can reach 160℃.AMC14SNa has a strong emulsifying ability, but the oil in water emulsion is unstable when the dosage less than 300 ppm. In order to improve the stability of emulsion, we compounded AMC14 SNa with home-made thickener in mass ration of 1:1. 300 ppm composite emulsifier dosage, viscosity reduction rate is up to 99.7% and dehydration rate 98.2%.