Non-Pt-based Dye-sensitized Solar Cell Electrode Material

Research on electrode materials for dye sensitized solar cells is a hot spot in the field of new energy research in recent years. Aiming at the existing problems of the precious metals Pt electrode materials in the field of application, this paper use nano-composite materials and methods to control nano material structure of Pt alternative materials to make exploration and optimization, focusing on preparation and corresponding electrocatalytic oxidation reduction test and assembling of I-/I3-ions. What’s more, we also explore how to improve its photoelectric conversion efficiency, which give an important theoretical and practical reference value for the improvement and control of electrocatalytic performance and assembling into dye-sensitized solar batteries. Three materials were prepared through a series of experiments and measured by XRD, BET, SEM, TEM and other technology to analysis morphology, structure and component. The catalytic properties of the three electrode materials and the photo electric conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cells were studied. The main work includes the following aspects:1. Hollow Ti N material was obtained by using nano-SiO₂ microspheres as a template. XRD, SEM, TEM and BET were used to characterize the morphology of material, indicating that the hollow Ti N material has a high degree of crystallinity,phase purity, small particle size and a uniform distribution. Based on the good film forming property and the possibility that could immobilize electrode material of Nafion membrane solution, hollow Ti N electrode was prepared by physical method.Electrochemical tests showed that the hollow Ti N electrode has an excellent catalytic activity for I-/I3- and the photoelectric conversion efficiency on dye-sensitized solar cell electrode was 4.2%.2. CNTs/C@Ti N composite was successfully synthesized via situ reduction method that Ti N nanoparticles grew on CNTs/C in-situ generation. XRD, SEM,TEM and BET were used to characterize material, experimental results showed that Ti N annexed on CNTs/C successfully and distributed evenly. Composite CNTs/C@Ti N had larger specific surface area and conductivity. CNTs/C@Ti N has good electric catalytic effect on I-/I3-, When CNTs/C@Ti N composite was used as dye sensitized solar battery of electrode, the open circuit voltage was 0.65 V and photoelectric conversion efficiency was 5.2% that reduction and photoelectric conversion efficiency were higher than CNTs/C.3. Powders SiO₂ was prepared by sol-gel method. And SiO₂@C wassynthesized by hydrothermal method with a certain concentration of glucose solution and prepared powders SiO₂ as template. Then the SiO₂@C@SiO₂ composite material was synthesize by using methyl silicate and SiO₂@C, and the SiO₂@C@SiO₂ material was mixed with a certain concentration of glucose solution by hydrothermal reaction to obtain SiO₂@C@SiO₂@C.Removing the SiO₂ of SiO₂@C@SiO₂@C by a certain concentration of hydrofluoric acid, the C@C double hollow material obtained. The XRD, SEM, TEM and BET were used to characterize the material, results showed that the prepared double-layer hollow carbon nanomaterials have the advantages of high crystallinity, high purity and large specific surface area. The double-layer hollow C@C material has good electric catalytic effect on I-/I3-, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the dye sensitized solar cell is 6.2%.