| Carbon black has excellent performance, such as: reinforcing, electrical conductivity,weatherability, colorability and chemical stability, etc.. And It is widely used in the fields including rubbers, plastics, batteries, printing ink, pigments, etc. With the requirements of environmental protection, carbon black are increasingly required to use in aqueous system. But due to small size, large specific surface area and high surface energy, so carbon black is difficult to wet and extremely easy to reunite. Reunion of carbon black can affect blackness and dispersion stability, and also undermine the applications of carbon black in the application of textile dyeing.However, early black dye is mainly benzidine derivative azo dye, which has good blackening and the advantages of high dyeing rate and fixation rate. But it will release carcinogenic intermediates during the production and use. So with the increasing attention on the environmental issues. Researchers are in urgent need of researching and developping other black dye instead of benzidine classdye. So as a back pigment---carbon black, which has good blackness,high temperature resistant, excellent light resistance, chemical resistance, no pollution, and low price, is expected to become the black dye instead of benzidine class black dye.Therefore, in the research project, the carbon black surfaces were modified by ozone oxidation in liquid phase, in order to improve the dispersion of carbon black in aqueous solution.And the dispersion stability of carbon black in aqueous solution was charactered by the sedimentation experiment, and at the same time the dispersion and the average particle size of original and modified carbon black were charactered by TEM, nano particle and potentiometric analyzer. In addition, by using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, thermogravimetric analyzer and element analysis instrument, we investigated the surface groups structure and content,elements of the ozone modified carbon black and the original one. The results showed that after ozone modification the carbon black contain a number of acidity oxygen-containing functional groups, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, which obviously improve the dispersion of carbon black in aqueous solution. The dispertion sample was centrifuged at 3500r/s in a centrifuge for 60 min, the transmittance was 26.1%, while the transmittance of original carbon black dispersion was 96.7%.The ozone modified carbon black mainly exist in the smaller particles in the water, the average particle size is about 150 nm, but in the same condition, the average particle size of the original carbon black is about 750 nm.And then using ozone oxidation of carbon black as raw materials, after a series of acyl chlorination, amidation and hoffman rearrangement reaction, and the cyanuric chloride was grafted onto the carbon black surface. Then adding taurine, and adjusting pH around 8 to 9, in order to replace the second chloride of the cyanuric chloride, to synthetic taurine base monochloro triazine grafted carbon black. Namely, the reactive nano carbon black dye. The result shows that by using FT-IR, TG, element analysis instrument and XPS analysis, the cyanuric chloride group was introuced onto the surface of dichlorotriazine reactive nano carbon black dye. And from the TG curve,the content of the cyanuric chloride group is about 5.48%. In addition, by using FT-IR,TG, the taurine react with the dichlorotriazine reactive nano carbon black dye, and we synthetic the reactive nano carbon black dye(CB-NH-TCT-AESA). In addition, after modification, under the condition of weak base, the dispersion of carbon black in aqueous solution is inproved.Finally, by the method of exhaust dyeing, cotton fabrics were dyed, we have researched the amount of nano carbon black, the dosage of Na2CO3 and the amount of NaCl and bath ratio, which have effects on dyeing performance of reactive nano carbon black. And the optimum processing parameters of dyeing was obtained: the amount of nano carbon black 5%(o.w.f.), the amount of NaCl 5%(o.w.f.), the dosage of Na2CO3 5g/L, bath ratio 1:20, dyeing temperature 40℃, fixation temperature 85℃, time 2h. At the same time, compared with active cloning black dye. To compare the friction resistance, washing resistance and uv resistance. The result shows that the rubfastness of the reactive nano carbon black is lower about 1-2 levels than active cloning black dye. The dry rubfastness of the reactive nano carbon black are two levels, and The wet rubfastness is one level.Meanwhile, the washing fastness is lower about 1level than active cloning black dye. The fading fastness of color fabrics are three levels, and the staining fastness of calico are two levels. But the anti-ultraviole of the reactive nano carbon black is better than active cloning black dye, the UPF of the reactive nano carbon black is 360.46, and the transmission of UVA is 0.30%. |
