A Study Of Urban And Rural Environmental Policy Execution In Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture

Growing environmental issues have hurt each citizen’ nerve. Environmental protection rose to a national level for the first time by our party in the report of 18th national people’s congress. Subsequently, our party put forward policies to deal with environmental pollution in the third plenary session of 18th national people’s congress. The New Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China which was regarded as the strictest law for environmental protection implemented officially on January 1st,2015. Whether the spirit of environmental protection and relevant policies advocated by the central government can be implemented by local governments or not plays a vital role for the realization of protection strategies. This paper takes the example of "Construct Together, Control Together" policy in urban and rural areas of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture to explore local governments’ implementation issues of environmental policies.The introduction part of this paper comprehensively summarizes the background information, research significance, research summary, basic concepts, research frameworks and research ideas as well as innovations and research inadequacies. Chapter one explains the current situation of "Construct Together, Control Together" policy in urban and rural areas of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture by using the framework "Environmental System-Targeting-Main Structure-Execution Resources-Implementation Mode-Implementation Mechanisms". Chapter two analyzes "Construct Together, Control Together" policy in details. In this chapter, environmental system mainly reflects on Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture’s unique nature, economy,politics,culture and society. Targeting mainly outlines the multiple properties of the target. Executive bodies are classified into direct one and indirect one. Execution resources mainly include finance, human, information and authoritative resources. Execution mode mainly refers to regulation, subsidies, publicity, education and governance of family and community. Linkage mechanism refines to the policy transmission mechanism, communication and coordination mechanism, several-to-one helping mechanism, responsibility tracing system mechanisms and evaluation mechanism.The narrative order of "Problem-Cause-Policy Recommendations" is followed in chapter three, chapter four and chapter five. In chapter three, issues about policy implementation of "Construct Together, Control Together" are analyzed specifically. Firstly, the goal of this policy is hard to realize. It manifests as lack of feasible study of targets set by the top leadership. The required implementation speed and efforts have ignored the problem of resource inadequacy in grassroots’ governments. Secondly, the implementation body performs biasedly, which mainly reflects on two aspects. One is that governments pay too much attention to the implementation forms. The other is that the indirect implementation body doesn’t have enough comprehension of the policy to take initiative actions. Thirdly,Policy supporting measures are not perfect, which manifests as resources shortage in grassroots’ governments. During implementation, due to the abolition of agricultural tax, grassroots governments have lost financial autonomy, frequently trapping into an asymmetrical dilemma between financial authority and powers. Fourthly,the usage of the implementation enjoys low efficiency. In underdeveloped minority areas, e-government is still in the development stage. E-government in remote areas has not yet been started. Implementation body tends to use previous administrative tools in the process of policy implementation. Fifthly, implementation mechanisms run sluggish, reflecting on the stagnation of policy transmission mechanism, isolation between government departments, limited energy of support units, unclear responsibilities in urban fringe areas, ineffective monitoring and evaluation mechanism.Chapter four combines reasons with questions. Firstly, The restriction of administrative ecological environment. Secondly, goal setting lacks reasonability and flexibility. Thirdly, policymakers’ overall quality is not high. In underdeveloped minority areas, limited by many factors, the direct and indirect implementation bodies do not have high comprehensive quality. Fourthly, grassroots’ governments are severely short of resources. Fifthly, the implementation mode is not used reasonably. Sixthly, this paper tries to give explanations for the five reasons of implementation mechanism.Chapter five puts forwards possible suggestions for the "Construct Together, Control Together" policy. Firstly, accurate poverty alleviation promotes development. Infrastructures construction is the foundation, while industrial development is the security, and development of based on mass autonomous organization,and innovation the concept of traditional culture is most important,at last improve the quality of the populiation. Secondly, goals should be made scientifically. Thirdly, the quality of implementation bodies should be improved comprehensively. Government should form image realization to improve officials’professional quality and improve governments’ image from three points to advance the credibility of governments. Besides, education and training can be adopted to improve implementation bodies’ ideological and cultural levels and benefits of implementation bodies should be assured. The sense of agreement towards the policy should also be cultivated. Fourthly, implementation resources should be strengthened. The introduction of a diversified investment mechanism is necessary. Meanwhile, human resource’ quality, interest rate of information are supposed to be advanced. The authority of implementation body should be enhanced. Fifthly, diversification of policy implementation including optimizing innovative ideas, using new propaganda tools for education and policy tools to improve flexibility and largely developing environmental NGOs.Sixthly,scientific implementation should follow five aspects including mid-ranking government playing a part in policy transfe,establishing communication mechanism and constructing a harmonious culture of communication and coordination to promote the change of cooperation and coordination,improvement of helping systems’ feasibility,close cooperation between the urban and rural integration of government and improving the rationality of monitor and evaluation mechanisms.