Study On Cornstalks Enhanced Plant Fiber Foaming Materials

Because of its environmental protection and gradually, Plant fiber foaming material replaces the petrochemical foam products and become the international hotspot in the field of wall material and packaging materials products in recent years. The new type of lightweight composite materials are based on waste paper fiber and corn straw which the straw as the skeleton, and waste foamed materials as matrix.To improve the utilization rate of material and performance, through the response surface method and SEM, FTIR, standing wave tube method and other macroscopic and microscopic characterization methods, optimize the best adhesives formulation of material, determinate the straw surface properties after treated with various methods, study the feasibility of cornstalks enhanced plant fiber foaming materials, increase the efficiency of the plant fiber and straw, main contents and conclusions are as follows:1. By using the response surface method, study the effects of the variety of different adhesion agent (polyvinyl alcohol, starch, sodium silicate) within a certain scope of the material compressive stress, the density and bonding strength, the influence of the interaction and the factors are analyzed to optimize the best process conditions.(1) To establish the response value of compressive stress, density, bond strength and the three factors quadratic polynomial model.(2) The single factor analysis shows that with the increase of PVA, the compression stress of material first increases then decreases, and the density of began to increase quickly then flatten out, internal bond strength has been increased; With the increase of starch, the compressive stress increases slightly after the first material is reduced, the density of the basic no change, after the initial increase in bond strength increased slightly; Along with the increase of the sodium silicate material compressive stress was increased after the first decreases, and density is larger, the internal bond strength increases and then decreases.(3) The response value of compressive stress, the interaction of PVA and starch, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium silicate, starch and sodium silicate interaction is obvious; Response values for the density, the interaction of PVA and starch, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium silicate, starch and sodium silicate interaction is not obvious; Response values for the internal bond strength, the interaction of PVA and starch, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium silicate, obvious interaction between starch and sodium silicate.(4) To determine the interaction between different factors and factors on material compressive stress, density, and the effects of the bonding strength in significant order.(5) Choose minimum density, the largest compression stress and the bonding strength as soon as possible, the best preparation technology of fiber foaming material is:polyvinyl alcohol is 12 g,20 g starch, sodium silicate is 24 g, under the condition of the process, the compression stress of material is 34.5 KPa, density is 0.038 g* cm-3, internal bond strength is 39 KPa.2. To use dilute acid, alkali heat, hot water, microwave and other methods to the straw surface process, infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy and contact Angle tester were characterized and describes the straw in a variety of surface treatment before and after chemical and physical changes, study the influence of different processing methods on the surface of straw, the results showed that:(1) the IR analysis shows that hot alkali can dissolve out most of straw agglutination adverse lipid compounds and silica; Sulfuric acid and acetic acid have effect on some aromatic compounds and the lipid compounds; Hot water, steam, microwave can melt away part of the lipid compounds.(2) The scanning electron microscope, thermal, steam and water heat treatment increases the roughness of straw, more conducive to agglutination, dilute acid and did not change significantly after microwave surface processing.(3) The contact angle results show that the wettability gets best after alkali treatment, acetate steam and boiling water is a little effective, heat treatment of sulfuric acid and microwave treatment effect are the worst.3. To explore the feasibility of straw filled into material, considering the usage of material(mainly are used to pack), through the single factor experiment compared with different quality of straw on the mechanical properties (compression and rebound), acoustic properties and thermal properties, the results are as follows:(1) The addition of straw greatly increases the compressive properties of the composites, the compression stress with 0% at the beginning from 37 KPa to 119 KPa with 50%, up to221.6%, and after the straw content more than 30% growth.(2) Due to the resilience of fiber material, with the increase of the straw, the material rebound rate declined, from 64% to 52%.(3) The sound absorption coefficient of the material with the straw get larger and larger will decrease at the same frequency, according to the analysis of variance, the difference was not significant.(4) When at the same temperature as the addition of maize straw increased solid content, the coefficient of thermal conductivity increase, reduces the heat insulation effect, although the effects which through the analysis of variance is significant, but according to the relevant standard the material still can be used as thermal insulation material.(5) Considering the above factors and relative reference standards, set straw content is 45%, most of the material performance meet the use requirements, and can be used in some occasions instead of polystyrene.