| Momordica charantia is not only a kind of vegetables, but also it is one of the most commonly medicine food. So far whether Momordica charantia existing effects of anti-inflammatory are not yet clear. In this study, the mice and macrophage inflammation models were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects and their molecular mechanism.In this study, DSS-induced colitis of mice was used and simulates human ulcerative colitis. Mice are randomly divided 3 groups, which include control group, DSS group and Momordica charantia juice protection group (DSS+Momordica charantia juice). Colon pathologic analysis suggested that DSS damaged the structure of colonic epithelium mucosa and glands recess. Compared with the DSS group, the intestinal damage of protective pear group was significantly reduced. In other words, the structures of epithelium mucosa and glands recess were more complete, and the number of infiltrated inflammatory cells was greatly reduced. Disease active index (DAI) is used to evaluate the disease situation.3 groups were of DAI sore 0.68±0.25, 5.71±5.19 and 4.98±4.62, respectively. Our results showed that the DSS results in significantly increase DAI sore. Compared with the DSS group, Momordica charantia juice can reduce the DAI sore and ameliorate the health situation. The weights of groups were 43.45±0.19 g,40.87±2.48 g and 41.78±1.18 g, respectively. Momordica charantia juice can reduce DSS-induced weight loss. Taken together, Momordica charantia juice can meliorate the health of DSS-induced mice.DSS induce colitis in mice and results in the colon weight increase, colon length increase and spleen weight increase. The results found that the colon weights of the control group, DSS group and protective group were:502±97.06 mg,590±51.96 mg and 522±96.80 mg, respectively. The colon lengths of three groups were 10.66±0.84cm,8.02±0.48 cm and 9.52±1.03 cm, respectively. The spleen weights in mice of the three groups were 166±74mg,192±88mg and 178±112 mg, respectively. Compared with the control group, the colon length of DSS group and protective group was significantly decreased and the weights were significantly increased. The inflammation in mice led to the increase of spleen of DSS group and Momordica charantia juice group.IL-1β is one of the earliest release factor from inflammatory cells. It makes related inflammatory factors such as the tumor necrosis factor alpha (tumor crosis factor alpha, TNF-α), Interferon gamma (Interferon gamma, IFN-γ) expressed by astrocytes and microglia. It can also induce the generation of acute phase proteins and oxygen free radicals. These molecules respectively play a role in neurons and glial cells and then the production of other inflammatory molecules are promoted, finally the inflammation is caused. IL-1β is a kind of proinflammatory factor. It can promote the chemotactic neutrophils into pathological changes of the intestines, causing a series of tissue destruction and intestinal inflammation. IFN-γ is secreted by lymphocytes in body. It participates in secreting Major Histocompatibility antigens (Major Histocompatibility Complex, MHC) and related immunity. In lots of inflammatory bowel disease, the expression level of IFN-γ was increased significantly. As proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-α is produced by certain cells such as macrophages and monocytes under the inflammation stimulation. It has many biological activities, for example, it can make neutrophils linked together, make the body produce inflammation. Meanwhile, TNF-α can also promote the generation of IFN-γ and IL-8. The research has shown that the large production of TNF-α is the important link in inflammatory bowel disease. A high level of TNF-α is detected in the peripheral blood, feces, and intestinal mucosa of patients with IBD.Then, the pathology and macro indicators were analyzed. Meanwhile, the LPS-induced macrophage inflammation model were used to evaluate the prevention effect of Momordica charantia on body inflammation.In the model of DSS-induced colitis in mice, the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-1β and IFN-γ were significantly increased. In the LPS-induced the inflammation model, the mRNA and protein expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were dramatically increased in Raw264.7 cells. In Momordica charantia juice group, the expression levels of IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α were reduced. It showed that Momordica charantia juice can intervene the production of IL-1β, IFN-y and TNF-a, then it affected inflammation.The results show that through the model of inflammation in mice and macrophages, and the intervention of Momordica charantia juice can improve the inflammatory response. It provides an important theoretical basis to develop anti-inflammatory function food from Momordica charantia juice. |
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