Preparation And Properties Of Pus Embedded The Structural Units Of Fatty Amine Polyoxyethylene Ether

Polyurethane surfactant (PUS) was designed and synthesized by introducing hydrophilic ionic or nonionic segment in the traditional main chain of polyurethane, which made polyurethane become new functional polymer materials with amphiphilic structure. Meanwhile, it also became a hot spot in the field of functional polyurethane materials. However, the studies mainly on the anionic and nonionic materials, and few on cationic materials. Furthermore, the researches on cationic-nonionic and cationic-nonionic-anion type of PUS were more less. The synthesis and performance research have potential applications due to the special structure of many ionic type of PUS.A series of PAE-IPDI prepolymers with different structure were synthesized in the medium of acetone by changing the isocyanate index (R value), and it’s raw materials containing polyoxyethylene alkyl amine(PAE) and 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate (IPDI). Based on the synthesis methods and conditions, the effect of the carbon number of alkyl side chain and altyl phenol polyoxyethylene on the emulsion particle size, surface tension and emulsifying power were researched. The effect of additional electrolyte on surface tension were also showed. The properties of emulsion were measured by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), molecular weight, laser-particle size analyzer, surface tension and emulsifying power, which showed that the new cationic-nonionic type of PUS were synthesized when the reaction temperature was 80℃, the reaction time was between 120min and 150min. With the increasing R value, the particle size of aqueous dispersion emulsion became larger, and its appearance changed from yellow transparent, blue, to milk white, gradually. Whereas keeping the value of R unchanged, with the increasing ethylene oxide number, the appearance of emulsion had no obvious change and particle size showed a trend of decrease. When R was 1.1, with the increase of the carbon number of alkyl side chain, the surface activity and emulsifying power showed strengthening. But with the increasing ethylene oxide number, the surface activity and emulsifying power all showed a trend of decrease. The study showed that when the length of alkyl side chain was C18 and the number of ethylene oxide was 5, which had the lowest surface tension, critical micelle concentration, and highest emulsifying power. Its critical micelle concentration was 39.600mg/L with the surface tension of 33.13mN/m. In the presence of additional electrolytes, the surface tension of the surfactant was decreased, and with the increase of concentration of additional electrolyte NaCl, the surface tension of the surfactant experienced a trend of first decrease and then increase. Also, when the concentration of NaCl was 0.1mol/L, its surface tension reached lowest which was 32.30mN/m.In the condition of the prepolymer R was 1.4, the final R=1.1, PAE(1210) served as soft segment monomer reacted with IPDI, then modified with different molecular masses of polyethylene glycol(PEG), a series of cationic-nonionic PUS (abbreviation CPU) of high molecular weight with long side chain alkyl, and the structure of polyether (EO) embedded in main chain were synthesized. The experimental researches showed that with the increase of molecular weights of PEG, the viscosity of PUS increases gradually, the surface tension increased from 38.12mN/m to 45.41mN/m, the critical micelle concentration increased from 53.10mg/L to 63.53mg/L. When the chain extender was polyethylene glycol(PEG-200), the excellent surface performance of CPU was obtained. The critical micelle concentration of whose is 53.10mg/L and the surface tension can be as low as 38.12mN/m.In the system of PAE(1210) reacted with IPDI, and using dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA) as chain extender. Fixing the total R was 1.1, at the same time, the PAE to DMPA ratio were 2:1,1:1(2-2),,2:3,2:4, respectively, a series of cationic-nonionic-anion PUS (abbreviation APU) with long side chain alkyl and side chain carboxyl, as well as the structure of polyether (EO) embedded in main chain were synthesized. The experimental researches indicated that APU with excellent comprehensive performance was obtained when the PAE to DMPA ratio was 1:1. The critical micelle concentration of APU was 32.26mg/L and the surface tension could reach to 40.42mN/m. In addition, the isoelectric zone of amphoteric polyurethane was in the region of pH 3.5～5.5. With a narrow isoelectric zone distribution, APU had excellent surface activity in waterborne dispersions of a wide pH range.