Preliminary Study On The Fermentation Of Monacus Polysaccharide And Its Properties Of Monacus Polysaccharide

Since ancient times in China, Monascus and its fermentation pr oducts have been widely used in agricultural production and Chines e medicine manufacturing. As one of the representative products of Monascus, Monascus polysaccharides have also attracted widesprea d attention.With Monascus ZL307 was used as the starting strain, its growth characteristic and enzyme characteristics were studied. Agricultural and sideline products as rice flour, bran, bean dregs were used as the main nutrient medium. It achieve the highest biomass in 8 days. Monascus ZL307 could produce amylase, protease, esterifying enzyme and cellulase.ZJ307-3, a higher production of polysaccharide strain, was obtained by UV-ARTP composite mutagenesis. The genetic stability of this strain was well. Its fermentation period occurred no significant changes. Its polysaccharide production was 61.18% higher than the parent strain.The microwave and ultrasonic assisted extraction were used in order to improve the extraction rate of Monascus polysaccharides. Compared with the initial extraction amount, the optimized extraction rate of polysaccharides raised 82.33 percent. Compared with single ultrasonic treatment and single microwave treatment, the scanning of electron microscopy revealed that the micro structure of the mycelium was more severely damaged after the treatment by microwave and ultrasonic treatmentMonascus extracellular polysaccharide and mycelial polysaccharide were purified and its physical and chemical properties were preliminary analyzed. Then they were further classied and purified. The influence of the tea and metal ions on monascus was finally studied.On the basis of orthogonal experiment design, the best culture medium and culture conditions were optimized. Experimental results showed that medium for polysaccharide production was 25 g/L glucose, and peptone 15 g/L. The initial pH was 6.5. The culture temperature was 34 degrees. The carrier liquid was 75 mL, The inoculum size was 6%. The shaking speed was 200 r/min.Tea and metal ions were choosed to add to investigate the production characteristics of Monascus polysaccharides.Active substances from tea could promote the production extracellular polysaccharide of Monascus in general. Na+、Al3+、Mn2+、Cu2+、Ba2+、Pb2+ had a certain inhibitory effect. And Mg2+、K+、Ca2+、Fe3+、Zn2+has a galvanising impact.Monascus extracellular polysaccharide and mycelial polysaccharide were purified by decolorization and deproteinization treatment. Hz-803 macroporous resin with the trichloroacetic acid method was selected as the main decoloring and protein reagent. The protein extractive coefficient was 89.27%, the discoloration rate was 75.50% and the polysaccharide retention was 79.98%.The similarities and differences of the structure and composition of extracellular polysaccharide and mycelial polysaccharide were further analyzed by UV, IR and GC-MS spectra. UV-VIS spectra showed that decolorizing and protein method has a good effect. IR spectra showed that monascus extracellular polysaccharide and mycelial polysaccharide had general spectra characteristics of polysaccharide. Across the GC-MS spectrum, both Monascus extracellular polysaccharide and mycelial polysaccharide contained mannose, glucose, galactose. Rhamnose, fucose, arabinose and xylose were not included. Monosaccharide molar percentage of extracellular polysaccharide was mannose:glucose: galactose=0.364:0.415:0.221. Monosaccharide molar percentage of mycelial polysaccharide was mannose:glucose:galactose=0.364:0.415: 0.221.The purified Monascus extracellular polysaccharide and mycelial polysaccharide were further purified by ion exchange column in order to understand to understand its composition characteristics. Fve components as EPS-1, EPS-2, EPS-3, EPS-4, EPS-5 were obtained from Monascus extracellular polysaccharide. The receiving rate was 9.24%,8.41%, 7.45%,35.19% and 9.24%. EPS-1 was neutral polysaccharide. EPS-2, EPS-3, EPS-4 and EPS-5 were acidic polysaccharides. Three components as MPS-1, MPS-2 and MPS-3 were obtained from Monascus mycelial polysaccharide by fractionation purification. The receiving rate was 29.40%,32.36% and 13.92%.MPS-1 was neutral polysaccharide. MPS-2 and EPS-3 were acidic polysaccharides.