Using Amino Acid Ionic Liquids Selectively Reducing Hydrogen Cyanide And Crotonaldehyde In Cigarette Smoke

In order to design novel green materials to selectively reduce harmful components in cigarette smoke, natural amino acids were utilized to prepare ionic liquid materials, and their reduction effects on hydrogen cyanide(HCN) and crotonaldehyde emission in cigarette mainstream smoke were studied. Then the amino acid ionic liquid materials were applied to cigarette filter, and comprehensive tests such as conventional components and typical harmful components test in cigarette smoke and cigarette sensory quality test were carried out to evaluate the application. This study should be useful for the application of novel materials and research on smoking and health.Firstly the effects of 20 kinds of natural amino acids on the reduction of HCN and crotonaldehyde in cigarette mainstream smoke were explored by a simulated evaluation device. The results showed that lysine and arginine both had significant reduction effects(P<0.05) by ANOVA, and when the adding amount was 0.3 mmol per cigarette, the reduction rate of HCN and crotonaldehyde by lysine were 29.21%and 9.39% respectively.Given the extensive source and low price of lysine, we coupled the lysine anion with cholinium or polyethyleneimine(PEI) cations, synthesized choline-lysine ionic liquid([Ch][Lys]) and polyethyleneimine-lysine polymer ionic liquid([PEI][Lys])respectively. The structure of these amino acid ionic liquids were confirmed using FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13 C NMR, etc.Using fumed silica highly loaded [Ch][Lys], granular material with the size of60~80 meshes([Ch][Lys]/Si O2) was prepared. The structure of material was confirmed by FT-IR, physical adsorption instrument and SEM. Then the reduction effect of [Ch][Lys]/Si O2 was tested. Results showed that the reduction rate of HCN and crotonaldehyde by [Ch][Lys]/Si O2 were 83% and 29% respectively, the material followed a linear relationship between reduction rate and add material quantity in the range of 0~0.3 mmol per cigarette. When [Ch][Lys]/Si O2 material were added inbinary filter rod and used in cigarette, with 0.08 mmol per cigarette, the release quantity of HCN and crotonaldehyde in cigarette mainstream smoke reduced 28%and 10% respectively than the contral cigarette; while the release quantity of regular compositions such as tar, nicotine and moisture unchanged; the change of CO,ammonia, NNK, B[a]P and phenol were within 5%; the style of cigarette was consistent with contral cigarette, and smoking quality had no significant difference(P>0.05). In summary, the material had good effects on selective reduction of harmful compositions in cigarette smoke.Two kinds of ionic liquid coated paper were developed using [Ch][Lys] and[PEI][Lys] as coating materials respectively. The structure of coated paper was confirmed by SEM and the physical properties such as tensile strength were tested.Results showed that the ionic liquid wrapped the fiber after coating, result in the decline of tensile strength. However this had no influence on the mechanical process and rolling process of filter rod production. When ionic liquid coated paper were used in coated paper-cellulore binary filter rod and applicated in cigarette, it was found that binary filter rod with [Ch][Lys] or [PEI][Lys] coated paper showed reduction on HCN in cigarette mainstream smoke by 78.5% and 53.3%, and on crotonaldehyde by44.9% and 26.4%, respectively, phenol were also reduced by 28.2% and 51.8%respectively. The change of CO, ammonia, NNK and B[a]P were relatively small. The smoking quality results showed that the sensory quality declined by the application of[Ch][Lys] and [PEI][Lys] coated paper-cellulore binary filter rod compared with normal cigarette sample.