The Research Of Carbon Nanotubes Grown On Basalt Fiber Surface And The Properties Of Their Reinforced Composites

Basalt fiber(CBF) is a kind of inorganic fiber made by melt volcano under 1400-1500℃.The ptoduction process of CBF is very clean and the waste products can be broken down into soil. Thus CBF becomes pollution-free green industrial materials in the 21st century and one of the four major high-tech fibers in our country. The structure of CBF is similar to glass fiber(GF), the main components are SiO2, Al2O3, and a small amount of FeO, Fe2O3, etc. Because of their excellent mechanical properties, resistance to acid and alkali and thermal stability, CBF are widely used as fiber reinforced body used in composites.In this article use the method of CNTs growth on CBF surface to improve the interface strength of the composites. Electroless nickel plating is used to load nickel catalyst uniformly on the surface of CBF. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) is used to study the particle size and distribution of catalyst, compared to determine the optimal parameters of the loading of catalyst. Then grow carbon nanotubes (CNTs) use chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. Use FESEM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), and other test methods to characterize the CNTs. Find suitable process conditions for growth of CNTs on CBF surface by studying the CNTs under different CVD parameters. By observing the fracture surface morphology of composites and the test of shear strength of composites to determine the parameters which can improve the strength of composites interface.The experimental results show that the impregnation method and acid etching method can not uniform loading catalysts, chemical nickel plating method can realize uniform distribution of catalyst. This experiment adopts the method of nickel salt-water system to replace the traditional activation method, and found that the size of catalyst particles are proportional to the plating time.15 min is the shortest time for uniform distribution of catalyst. In the catalyst reduction, the Ni particles with the size of 20nm are produced in this condition.The distribution of CNTs is consistent with the distribution of catalyst particles, when the plating time is 15min, neat and uniform distribution of CNTs can grow on the surface of CBF. In addition, the conditions of CVD is one of the most important factors influencing the distribution of CNTs. The CVD temperature, time and pressure will have an effect on the morphology and yield of CNTs. At 500 ℃, under 0.01 MPa grown for 3 min, CNTs lined up on the surface of CBF and the crystal propertie of CNTs is high. The interfacial shear strength of composite made by CBF grown CNTs increased by 16.8% compared with the untreated, the interlaminar shear strength can be increased by 12.3%. Continue to increase the growth time, pressure and temperature, while it is possible to increase the output of carbon nano products, but also decreases the purity of CNTs. And the reduction of fiber volume fraction in composites will affect the invasive of fiber and resin, and then affect the performance of composites.