Synthesis Of Rosin-based Surfactants And Construction Of Multidimensional Nickel Hydroxide Composites

Rosin is a kind of natural renewable forest resources, one third of the world production of rosin from China. Increasingly serious environmental pollution and resources shortage problems, it is great significant that petroleum and chemical resources are insteaded by natural environmental renewable rosin resources development new surfactants. Rosin-based surfactants chemically modified have the raw materials of green environmental friendly and product performance. In this paper, Bola and Betaine two types of surfactants were successfully synthesized using disproportionated rosin and dehydroabietic amine as raw material. The multidimensional nickel hydroxide micro-nanocomposite materials were constructed by using self-prepared rosin-based surfactant self-assembly, and it developes rosin resources application in functional materials field. The results of the paper are as follows:(1) The disodium salt sulfonated dehydroabietate acid (DSSDA) anionic surfactants and N-dehydroabietyl-N, N-dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine zwitterionic surfactants (DDCBZ) were obtained using rosin and dehydroabietylamine as materials. The structure of DDCBZ were identified by FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, and the critical micelle concentration (CMC), the surface tension, the contact angle, the krafft temperature (KP), the foam performance (FP), the emulsifying properties (EP), micellar morphology and distribution system was discussed. The research showed that the surfactants with well surface activity, the CMC values of the DSSDA and DDCBZ rosin-based surfactants were 1.63×10-3 and 2.0×10-3mol/L, and the γcmc values were 35.688 and 34.554 mN/m, the CMC and ycmc values were all higher than the traditional flexible long-chain surfactants.The krafft points of the DSSDA and DDCBZ rosin-based surfactants were 58～66℃ and higher 90℃. The times for 10 mLwater out from paraffin/water emulsion system were 8 and 61 s. The initial foam heights of the surfactants were 12 and 10 mm, and after 5 minutes, the heights of them were both 10 mm. The contact angles were 39.242° and 41.923°with the concentration of the surfactants to 1×10-3 mol/L.(2) The surface activity of the combined system by the self-prepared Bola and Betaine rosin-based surfactants and cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) cationic surfactants. The results showed that the surface activity was obviously improved. The CMC and γcmc values of combined system decreased significant when the mixed proportion were 5:5, and the emulsifying properties and wettability increased obvioursly. The CMC and γcmc values of combined system by DSSDA and CTAB were 0.9×10-4 mol/L and 27.646 mN/m, and the times for 10 mLwater out from paraffin/water emulsion of combined system improved from 8 s to 197 s; The CMC and γcmc values of combined system by DDCBZ and CTAB were 1.4×10-4 mol/L and 22.771 mN/m, and the times for 10 mLwater out from paraffin/water emulsion of combined system by DDCBZ and CTAB improved from 61 s to 89 s. The foam properties of combined system improved significant when the mixed proportion were 3:7, the initial foam heights of combined system by DSSDA and CTAB increased from 12 mm to 40.3 mm, and the initial foam heights of combined system by DDCBZ and CTAB increased from 10 mm 51.7 mm.(3) The 3D coral-like and ball-flower hollow microspheres, and the 2D nanosheets nickel hydroxide mi-cro-nanocomposites were successfully prepared by the self-prepared the rosin-based surfactants as annexing agent, and using nickel sulfate as precursor and urea as precipitant, The radius hollow microspheres of the coral-like and ball-flower are about 2μm, and the width of nanosheets is about 50 nm. The nickel hydroxide micro-nanocomposites were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The raw material ratio, reaction temperature, reaction concentration, reaction solvents, surfactants were investigated. Moreover, a possible formation mechanism was proposed based on the effect of the rosin-based surfactants. The result indicated that the addition of rosin-based surfactants promoted the diffractions peak directions and improved the crystallinity of products.Three different morphologies nickel hydroxide micro-nanocomposites were prepared in the role of stable rigid structure of rosin-based betaine amphiphilic molecules, by the surfactant adsorption ca-pacity controlled reaction temperature.