Hulin Along The Road Land Use Pattern Change And The Ecological Risk Characteristics

Road is the most important material and energy channel in the development of human life and society. Road as artificial corridor system, its construction and operation are. As a result, the extremely important factor along the regional ecological environment changes, along the regional land use and landscape pattern changes of radiation effect has gradually been recognized and attracted great attention. Our country on the road to land use, landscape pattern and ecological risk of late start of the study, the study area mainly concentrated in the western plateau and mountainous regions and the southeastern and Central Plains, and mainly in the highway as the research object. The northeast region, especially in the mountainous areas of concern is very small.Therefore, it is necessary to study the land use pattern change and ecological risk characteristics of the road along the road as the research object. Hulin City is located in the eastern part of Heilongjiang Province, with five kinds of landform of low mountains and hills, valley plains,piedmont hilly, plain and along the low plains, the agriculture, forestry and other aspects in our province occupies an important position. In recent years, the road construction in Hulin city is very rapid, and the impact of land use pattern and ecological environment along the road is increasing.Therefore, taking Hulin city as an example, this paper analyzes the change of land use pattern and ecological risk characteristics along the road of Hulin city.This paper uses a buffer analysis, statistical analysis, spatial correlation analysis from GIS spatial analysis techniques, the use of land-use model, landscape index and ecological risk index,quantitative analysis Hulin land use change along the road, and landscape pattern change impact on the ecological risks. Finally, the ecological risk management measures along the road. The main research conclusions are as follows:(1) The land use change along the road1) Compared with the level of Hulin City, 1999, 2006 and 2014 three times in the road along the 7 km range of land use intensity, change intensity and land use intensity are constantly improving.2) Land along the road to the contribution rate and transfer rate analysis results show that, dry land is transferred in a relatively stable, a sharp decline in the area; paddy field is typical of the transfer type, a substantial increase in the area; woodland is relatively stable, whole area or not significant, construction land is slightly into the ground. 15 years, the land use change along the road is mainly embodied in the dry land to other types(paddy field, construction land, forest land),the first to turn out and then transferred to the land, the land to the dry land conversion.3) Within a certain range, with the increase of distance from the road from the, woodland and paddy field area percentage showed a trend of decreased first and then decreased, the dry land, on the contrary, increased at first and then decreased trend, construction land area percentage decreased gradually, and swamp and the waters is in liters.4) With the increase of the intensity of the interference of human activities, the depth of the impact of the road is also expanding, in 1999 for the 5km, 2006 for the 6km, in 2014 to reach 7km.(2) Landscape pattern changes along the road1) 1999-2014 years, along the road 7km range, the degree of landscape fragmentation increased: dry land along the road are the largest patch area decreases, and paddy field is rapidly increasing; with the deepening impact of human activities, landscape patch tends to rule of development; landscape patch gathering and adjacency degree analysis showed that, along with the rapid development of artificial, landscape pattern, shape occurred great changes.2) Within the range of 7km patch density presented first and then decrease and leveling off trend, smaller class early natural(forest) dominated patch density, when the degree of land use and development to a certain stage, manually type will dominate natural class patch density decreases again; landscape diversity is within the range of 7km, showing then decreased trend. Under the influence of human activities, natural and artificial landscape to landscape mosaic trend shift from the natural landscape, increase landscape diversity.(3) The ecological risk along the road1) 1999-2014 years, the area along the road of ecological risk showed increasing trend; road along the area, paddy field and the construction of ecological risk a increasing trend, dry land showed a decreasing trend and woodland showed decreased first and increased trend.2) 1999-2014, the ecological risk along the road showed differences in time and space, the whole area along the road than the low ecological risk areas showing increasing trend after the first decrease; high ecological risk area has decreased, along the road most of the region’s ecological risk index is still high; low, low ecological risk areas are concentrated in the northern, western and southeastern Hulin; and moderate, high, high ecological risk areas are concentrated in Hulin east,northeast and northwest regions.3) 1999-2014 years,ecological risk degree of the high value areas mainly concentrated in the Northeast southwest Zhen Hu tou south-east, Yang Gang Zhen, eight six farms southwest and 854 farms, the road along the influence domain of ecological risk degree of spatial distribution of agglomeration of first increases and then decreases.(4) Ecological risk management along the roadAlong the road of ecological risk management countermeasure is proposed on the basis of Hulin City Road along the regional ecological risk classification, including comprehensive ecological wind management measures, probabilistic ecological risk prevention measures,progressive ecological risk prevention measures, ecological environment construction measures.