Study On The Hydrogen Production Characteristics Of Al-Ga-In-Sn Quaternary Alloys And Its Influencing Factors

Rising as the world energy crisis and the pollution of the traditional energy sources to the environment, many countries were committed to the research of new energy, they had developed a new energy such as solar energy, wind energy, nuclear energy, geothermal energy, but these energy could not be like oil and gas having the characteristics of the storage and transportation, and the development cost is higher, which have limit their wide application. Hydrogen have the low ignition and high combustion value,Combustion products no pollution to the environment, so it becomes the research focus. People put forward a series of hydrogen production by biomass, hydride hydrolysis followed to produce hydrogen,methanol hydrolysis methods of hydrogen, but there is safety, and sustainability problems of hydrogen energy in the process of preparation, storage and transportation, which limit its further application. In order to solve this problem, we designed the on-demand online for hydrogen system, combing the preparation, storage and transportation of hydrogen, by controlling the reaction rate of hydrogen production, making the system can keep stable and persistent. The metalreact with solution for hydrogen production, the realization of a compact hydrogen safety of storage and transportation.In all active metal, metal Al sources is abundant and cheap price, it has the advantages of high energy density, being the first choice of the solution of active metals and hydrogen production. in theory, it can react with water to produce hydrogen directly, but because Al has high chemical activity, the air in the oxidation of Al surface to form a layer of dense membrane, thus preventing the Al reaction with water. And the ways to solve the problems basically has the following two kinds, one is to Al mixed with some inorganic salt formation nanoscale powder, the other one is to add low melting point metal(Ga, In, Sn) to metal Al, which form the alloy, thus improving the chemical activity with metal Al.This paper adopts the traditional method of melting cast to the preparation of Al alloy, we put low melting point metal Ga, In, Sn into the Al metal, preparation of 80wt%-5wt%Ga-11.5wt%In-3.5wt%Sn alloys. By XRD, SEM and EDX and DSC test characterization for alloy samples, we analyzed the phase composition and microstructure of alloy, based on this, advances the alloying mechanism of activation, studied the reaction solution ion Yin and Yang, ion concentration, solution pH and temperature, holding time on the alloy hydrogen production performance(hydrogen production rate and hydrogen production quantity. XRD test of reaction product and analyses its phase composition, the recycling of the reaction product of Ga-In-Sn alloys and hydrolysate Al(OH)3 is analyzed.The study found that Al-Ga-In-Sn quaternary alloys phase composition is mainly composed of Al and In3 Sn two-phase, including particularly evident Al peak. By scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis of the microstructure of alloy, alloy internal organization into baseball shape, and obvious cracks and defects. Alloy is mainly composed of Al(Ga) of solid solution, intermetallic In3 Sn. It exists in the grain boundary areas of Al. The most start activation is Al(Ga) solid, when the temperature reaches the eutectic temperature, from solid solution of Al dissolution and reaction with solution, because the reaction is thermodynamic model, with the increase of temperature. Local reached Al-Ga-In-Sn quaternary alloys eutectic temperature, Al will continuously from the alloy dissolution, and continue to react with the solution, until Al reaction completely.Found in the research in the impacting factors of production characteristics, the influence of different ionic reaction of Yin and Yang in the solution is not the same, some anion(Cl-) to have a certain role in promoting reaction, and some anion(SO42-) reaction has certain effect. Ion concentration, with the increase of concentration, the hydrogen production rate is reduced, producing hydrogen capacity change is not big, when the concentration of AlCl3 solution reaches 1 mol/L, the hydrogen production rate become relatively flat, hydrogen production quantity is close to the theoretical value, pH value have a evident influence of the reaction, it can fully reflect in acidic and alkaline conditions, performance decline in neutral solution middle hydrogen, NH3?H2O and NH4 Cl hydrogen production rate is slow but steady, hydrogen production quantity to about 467 mL. Temperature and holding time on the hydrogen production performance has a promoting effect, when the temperature and holding time increased, amount of hydrogen production rate and hydrogen production have been increased.Alloy reaction with the solution is essentially the Al alloy and water, Ga, In, Sn as activation component do not join the reaction. In the use of cost reduction and the realization of Al cycle, the recycling the product of Ga-In-Sn alloys hydrolysate Al(OH)3 is particularly important. Through the study found that alloy and AlCl3 solution reaction, when the concentration reaches 1mol/L, after the reaction of the product is colorless transparent liquid, Ga-In-Sn alloy deposit on the bottom of the solution, solid-liquid separation can separate the Ga-In-Sn alloys, with a certain conditions, transparent solution can translate Al(OH)3 precipitation, again through the industrial method can get metal Al elemental, again through the industrial method can get metal Al elemental.