Effect Of Foliar Spraying Salicylicacid, Magnesium And Glutamic Acid On The Cadmium Accumulation Of Cadmium And Other Elements In Rice Was Influenced By Cadmium Pollution

Rice, as the main food crops in our country, is widely planted. There has a population of more than 65% in our country who taken the rice as their staple food. However, with the intensification of environmental pollution especially the heavy metal pollution, there’s more than 20 million hm2 soil polluted by cadmium, and the cadmium pollution is increasingly serious. A study have shown that the amount of cadmium in rice reached 10.3%, which heavily higher than the normal value in rice. This research through the cultivated rice (Nipponbare), spraying the foliar fertilization which containing foliar fertilizer magnesium, salicylic acid, glutamate in order to inhibit the rice not polluted by cadmium, demonstrating the adaptation of the foliar fertilizer in different ratio, using the foliar fertilizer which contains salicylic acid, magnesium and glutamate in different ratio to spray the rice leaves, measuring respectively the cadmium, magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, chlorophyll content and its agronomic traits (such as the plant height, weight, seed setting rate, etc.). The main results are as follows:(1) With the increase of concentration of cadmium treatment, cadmium content in rice seedlings from roots or stem leaves were significantly improved, and the cadmium content in the stem leaf significantly below the roots, after spraying foliar fertilizer, the cadmium content in each part of rice decreased compared with the control. With the increase of cadmium concentration, the content of Mg in the roots of rice seedlings increased and then decreased, the average values were 0.38%,0.40% and 0.31% respectively, the content of Mg in the stem and leaf was significantly higher, the average values were 0.37%,0.44% and 0.50% respectively. At the same cadmium concentration, it could reduce cadmium content in different parts of rice after spraying foliar fertilizer, and the effect of spraying foliar fertilizer containing glutamic acid is better than that of spraying leaf fertilizer containing glutamic acid. Spraying foliar fertilizer had positive effect on plant height and weight of rice, and overall, spraying with salicylic acid, magnesium, glutamic acid foliar fertilizer effect is better than spraying with salicylic acid, magnesium foliar fertilizer is better than the control.(2) After spraying foliar fertilizer, the contents of Cd in leaves, shell and rice of rice and the contents of Cd in rice were decreased with the contents of the film, meanwhile, the contents of cadmium in rice were significantly lower than the control and reached the edible standard. In the 50μmol/L Cd concentrations, the content of Mg in the root of rice decreased, while the content of magnesium in rice increased, this showed that the enrichment ability of magnesium to the upper part of rice was enhanced after spraying foliar fertilizer. The contents of Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and other elements increased with the increase of the concentration of cadmium, it was confirmed that the interaction between several elements of each element. Under different cadmium concentrations, plant height, panicle number per ear, weight, number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate, grain weight decreased with the increase of the concentration of cadmium, but under the same cadmium concentration, plant height, panicle number per ear, weight, number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate, grain weight in foliar fertilizer, the effect of ③ was better than that of ② and better than control, that is, spraying the foliar fertilizer with salicylic acid, magnesium and glutamic acid is better than spraying salicylic acid and magnesium foliar fertilizer better than the control, it is show that the effects of foliage fertilizer could promote the growth of rice agronomic and spraying containing salicylic acid, magnesium, glutamic acid foliar fertilizer is better than spraying containing salicylic acid, magnesium fertilizer.In general, salicylic acid can reduce enrichment of cadmium in the part of the rice above the ground; glutamic acid magnesium and magnesium chloride may be induced protoporphyrin IX, thus increasing the amount of the plant chlorophyll, at the same time, as signaling molecules, the magnesium protoporphyrin IX may also have the function that lower the enrichment of cadmium in the part of rice above the ground; Studies have shown that in the aspect about reducing cadmium enrichment in the rice above the ground, there lies a possible synergy mechanism with the salicylic acid signals and magnesium protoporphyrin IX. At the same time, the iron, manganese, copper, zinc, calcium and other elements in rice has the tendency of synergy absorption with the cadmium. The best result achieved by using salicylic acid, magnesium and glutamic acid in dealing with the cadmium. The method with three matters is better than the method using two matter, salicylic acid and magnesium.