Preparation And Characterization Of New Carbon Airgel And Its Composites

Carbon aerogel (shortened as CA) is of three-dimensional structure nano porous materials composed of carbon nanoparticles, which possesses controllable pore structure, high specific surface area, good electrical conductivity, excellent properties such as density variation range and is widely used in catalysts, capacitor, hydrogen storage materials.In this thesis, a new approach was developed paper to fabricate the novel carbon aerogel and its composites, for which glucose as carbon source proposes was hydrothermally pyrolyzed using water-soluble polymer as the template agent. The as-prepared materials were characterized by IR, XRD, XPS, TEM, SEM and specific surface adsorption analyzer. The main content is as follows:It is found in the presence of water soluble polymer that a new type of carbon aerogel was successfully prepared through hydrothermal carbonization of glucose. In detail, glucose was firstly hydrothermal-carbonized to attain wet gel at the temperature range of 160～230℃ in the presence of water-soluble polymers polyvinylpyrrolidone, sodium polyacrylic acid and polyacrylamide. It is followed that wet gel was freeze-dried to form carbon aerogel. The effects of the mass ration of water-soluble polymer to glucose on micromorphology, specific surface area and carbon content of carbon aerogel were investigated. The possible mechanism on formation of carbon aerogel was proposed. The specific surface area is up to 531.2 m2/g with the mass ration 12:1 of glucose to polyvinylpyrrolidone.Oxides composted carbon aerogels materials (shortened as MxOy@CA; MxOy=Fe2O3, SnO2, ZnO, TiO2 and ZrO2) were one-step fabricated upon adding different metal salts into the reaction system for preparation of carbon aerogels above. The influence factors of the kinds and addictive amounts of metal salts on the formation of MxOy@CA were studied.