Study On Key Technology And Product Development Of Comprehensive Utilization Of Chicken Skeleton

Chicken skeleton is one of bulk by-products of poultry-processing. But its recycle has not received much attention, and the bulk of this material is being either discarded or partly used. Hence, further development of this material using extraction by high temperature and pressure, concentration technology, bio-enzymatic hydrolysis, maillard enhancing aroma reaction and spray drying techniques in this thesis means much for improving this situation and facilitating sustainable development of livestock industry.This study involves several as follows:the chicken skeleton, by-product of broiler slaughter-processed by high pressure cooking, vacuum concentration, grinding technology, enzymolysis, maillard reaction and spray drying, then concentrated bone soup and flavor chicken skeleton powder are obtained.Using chicken bone as raw material, the effects of production conditions (such as the ratio of chicken bone to water, steaming temperature, steaming time, etc) on the yield of bone soup were studied with the combined treatment of extraction by high temperature and pressure, and evaluated by the process yield and the contents of solid substance in soup. The results showed that the highest yield was achieved under following conditions:the steaming temperature was 120℃ for 2.5 h, the ratio of chicken bone bits to water was 1:2.5.Through the research of chicken bone meal concentration conditions, to establish the optimum conditions for the enrichment:2T materials, the temperature is 60℃, Vacuum degree is-0.085 Mpa for 110 min,In the study of fragrant chicken powder by maillard reaction, the effects of ingredients in maillard reaetion formulation on the product aroma were discussed, as well the effects of maillard reaction temperature, time and pH on the reaction results. By orthogonalization test, the optimal maillard reaction formulation and conditions were determined:1% L-cysteine,5% Glucose, thermal treatment of 110℃ for 1.0h under the condition of pH 7.Through maillard reaction obtained solution and after spray-drying eventually received a yellow powder product. In this experimental conditions, the optimum spray drying conditions were:inlet air temperature of 160℃, the feed speed of 4L/min, Material concentration of 40%.