| With the development of human society, more and more of the compound was discovered and synthesis used in the production of life, the progress of science and technology, also made people gradually found that some compounds which had brought convenience for human development and ecological caused adverse effect on the environment. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers was one of them, which caused the ecological problem has become one of global environmental problems.In the past 60 years, because of its high chemical stability, bromine content, flame retardant character such as high efficiency, price moderate, polybrominated diphenyl ether as flame retardants were widely used in high performance products in the production of a variety of industrial and civil field. Because of these compounds was persistent organic pollutants (POPs) chemical stability, biological toxicity of chemicals and biological characteristics, it were detected within the scope of all kinds of environmental media (such as soil, plants, environmental water), organisms (mammals, poultry, etc.) and the body (blood, breast milk) all over the world in recent years, which had caused certain harm to the ecosystem and human. After several years of researching and certification, the official will contain polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) material, nine new remobilised increases in the Stockholm convention in 2009, which was to limit polybrominated diphenyl ether was used in global production.At present, researching on polybrominated diphenyl ether mainly focused on the sample pretreatment and the establishment of the test method in the domestic. Technology of the rapid and stable processing and detection of PBDEs in different environmental media was also imperfect. At the same time, pollution status and pollution characteristics of PBDEs for a typical enterprise environment medium was still lack of systematic study. To studied the pollution characteristics and migration regularity of PBDEs in typical area environmental samples.A method was developed for the determination of 13 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in soil and plant samples by accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) combined with Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-EI-MS). The samples were extracted by ASE using n-hexane-dichloromethane (V:V=1:1) as solvent. The extracts were cleaned with SPE before analysis with GC/MS. Because of the high sensitivity and accuracy, good stability and recovery, this method was ready to be applied for the analysis of PBDEs environmental samples.In this paper, the polybrominated diphenyl ether pollution characteristics of the typical pollution sources around the three factories, changzhou, jiangsu province, environmental medium were made investigation, sampling, analysis and study, the followed conclusions:(1) The typical enterprise around the factory total content of PBDEs in plant samples ranged from 11.5 to 1291.6 ng·g-1. Ten bromine biphenyl ether (BDE-209) was the main PBDEs pollutants in plant around atypical enterprise. The highest levels of three plant samples sampling were all at under the rear window of factory. Data analysis results showed that the distance of point source pollution environment had important influence to the amount of polybrominated diphenyl ether. The total amount of PBDEs in the surroundings would change obviously as the change of distance, which were significantly negative correlation between distance and the total amount of PBDEs.(2) The depth of five different vertical plane surface soil sample around stypical enterprise were analyzed. PBDEs monomer was between ND-40.54 ng·g-1, one of the highest concentrations of PBDEs was BDE-209. In addition to BDE-17, BDE-66, the rest of the 11 kinds of PBDEs in shallow soil was higher than in the deep soil. Due to low generation bromine biphenyl ether of saturated vapor pressure was lower, under the action of wind, BDE-17 and BDE-66 in shallow soil was with the migration, also may be due to the rain eluviation and erosion effect so that it was gradually accumulated in deep soil.(3) The typical enterprise of the factory was one of the most direct source of PBDEs in around environmental media. BDE-209 was main PBDEs pollution of surrounding environment medium three factories of changzhou, jiangsu province. Three sampling area PBDEs total content were 2.2-10469.4 ng·g-1,14.8～4917.2 ng·g-1.8.6～18450.7 ng·g-1. The contribution rate of BDE-209 was over 90%. PBDEs of dust and soil compositions are similar in three premises area. With the increase of the distance, the content of PBDEs were decreasing. The research showed that the enterprise in the process of production release of polybrominated diphenyl ethers was one of the main source of PBDEs in environmental media, which added flame retardants for BDE-209.(4) The study showed that:PBDEs can removal between environmental media, that was also the reason that PBDEs existed in environment medium widely. The migration of PBDEs pollution sources in the environment medium which caused pollution of the factory nearby. At the same time, BDE-209 will translate into lower bromine biphenyl ether under the influence of environmental factors. Transformation way depended on environment conditions. The conversion efficiency of BDE-209 in soil and plant samples were higher than which was in dust samples.The results of this paper helps to related department to master the pollution present situation and trend of PBDEs in typical domestic and the surrounding environment medium in our country; it could provide a scientific basis for environmental risk assessment and the formulation of regulations; it can provide theory and data support for long-term monitoring of PBDEs pollution sources; Made a contribution to reduce PBDEs pollution of surrounding the point source poses a potential threat to ecosystem environment. |
PDF Full Text Request