Research On The Nanostructures Of The Array Of Different Shapes Of Gold Exploration Plasmonic Hydrogen Sensing

Research on hydrogen has a long history. In the 21 st century, the energy shortage is a major problem facing human society, more and more research on hydrogen receives attentions. Currently, The biggest challenge of research on hydrogen mainly remains in the production, distribution, storage and usage of hydrogen in the process as possible to optimize the cost, and to increase the stability and security. Thus, there is a very significant potential usage for hydrogen detectionin many areas.Hydrogen detector has been studied for a century. The traditional methods mainly are meteorological chromatography, mass spectrometry, thermal conductivity detector and laser gas analyzer. There are also some commercial detectors, which are based on solid state method to general hydrogen detection. Compared to traditional electrical detectors, optical detectors have many advantages. The biggest advantage of optical detector is that there is no risk of sparking at work.This advantage is useful for safety, because if the sparks in a hydrogen atmosphere at the time of the operation will be very deadly. In addition, the optical detector also has the advantage of avoiding electromagnetic interference etc, which make it an ideal detector that can be remotely displayed in harsh environments.In this paper we use thelocalized surface plasmon resonance of the metal structure to study the optical detectors. Since there are large number of free electrons in the metalswhen irradiated by a beam.Due to the size of the metal nanoparticles is sufficiently small relative to the wavelength,the free electrons of conductors in the intrinsic lattice cations will resonate, generatelocalized surface plasmon resonance. At the same time the nano-particle surface charge separation, and a strong electric field will be superimposed in the vicinity of the nanoparticles. The study found that there are many factors which affects the resonance wavelength of LSPR, such as the size of the nanoparticles, the shape and the dielectric properties of the material in the external environment. Therefore, it is possible to detect any changes in the nanoparticles or the dielectric properties of the surrounding particlesby seeking the resonant wavelength of LSPR.Names of the detectorsare direct localized surface plasmon resonance detection and indirect localized surface plasmon resonance.In this paper, we firstfocus on the localized surface plasmon resonance of gold crescent nanostructure arrays. In the experimental part gold crescent nanostructure arrays with different sizes were prepared by electron beam lithography, and then we obtained the absorption spectrum.Next the surface electromagnetic field and surface charge distribution at resonance of the gold crescent nanostructure arrayswere obtainedwith FDTD Solutions 8.6 software.We found that the surface charge distribution of gold crescent nanostructure concentrated in the tip of the crescent, and the electromagnetic enhancement also occurred at the tip of the crescents. Later, we studied on the absorb- energy level diagram of the gold crescentsnanostructures, and perfectly explained golden crescent localized surface plasmon resonance of the nanostructuresby plasma hybrid theory. We then studied on a series of different size of gold crescent nanostructures, it is clear that with the increasing waist width of the crescent, resonance summit of crescentsappear blueshifted. Finally, we introduce a dielectric disk andstudied on the coupling of different positions of gold crescent nanostructures with the dielectric disk.We found that the tip of gold crescent is at the ideal detection location.We then studied the localized surface plasmon resonance of the gold triangle. similarly.The absorption spectrum of the gold triangle nanostructure arrays are firstlyobtained in the simulation.The surface electric field and surface charge distribution at resonance of the of gold triangle nanostructure arrayswere obtained. Through the study of the electric field and distribution of the surface charge of gold nanostructures triangular, we find gold triangular electric field is enhanced and charge distribution mainly gatheredat the apex of the triangle along the direction of incident light. So it is desirable for detect at the apex position for gold triangular structure,.In the final work, we first used the same method to study the rectangular nanostructures and obtained absorption spectrum. We then compared the electric field distribution, the surface charge distribution and absorption lines of gold crescent system nanostructures, triangles and rectangles nanostructures,respectively, we found that crescent structure and triangular structures is better than localized surface plasmon resonance of the rectangular structure. Studing on the absorption lines, we found that triangles and gold crescent nanostructures have a smaller width at half maximum. Therefore, the triangleand gold crescent nanostructures are ideal detector structures. However, with respect to the triangular nanostructures, gold crescent nanostructures detectors have better electric field enhanced effects and more dense surface charge distribution.What’s more, the gold nanostructures can stimulate both ends of the crescent.Importantly, absorption lines of gold crescent nanostructures have a more pronounced resonance peaks move, which provides theoretical guidance for multi-touch detections.