| With the progress of human civilization, the industrial development process faster and faster, the human demand for mineral resources and mining is also growing, at the same time, in the development process of mineral resources associated with the deterioration of ecological environment and the destruction of nature, the resulting heavy metal pollution. The mining activity of human beings was buried deep underground metal ore exposed to the atmosphere and on the surface, through rainfall, runoff, sedimentation and other hydrological cycle makes the heavy metal element diffusion into rivers, soil, atmosphere, cause pollution to the ecological environment, but also pose a threat to human survival environment.This study will be in lengshuijiang city, hunan province of xikuangshan antimony deposit area as the research area, through field sampling and investigation, laboratory experiments of six kinds of heavy metals in the sample(Sb, zinc, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd) for the determination of and introduction to statistics analysis method to study the mining area soil heavy metal pollution in water interface pollution flow characteristics, the spatial structure features of heavy metal pollution sources and analysis.1. In the conditions of rainfall and the formation of surface runoff in the acquisition of 204 soil water flow interface pollution heavy metal content in the samples was measured, by statistical analysis found that in addition to a maximum of heavy metal Ni is lower than the standard values, the other five kind of metal Sb, zinc, a maximum of Cu, Pb, Cd are far more than the standard values, standard values are 497.1, 2.0, 1.8, 2.0 times. Sb all the sample data is excessive and the highest pollution index, excess zinc, Pb and Cd in the half sample, Ni which is 0. Show that besides Ni in the other five kinds of heavy metal pollution is serious, Cd pollution index is low, thus local areas with serious pollution.2. Pollution of soil water interface flow spatial structure features of six kinds of heavy metal elements in the analysis, get the best fitting model of half variant function and model parameters, the model fitting effect is good, the decision of the fitting model coefficient R2 between 0.721 to 0.976, gold value C0 and base stations C + C0 the ratio of the range of 0.0767-0.559, shows that six kinds of metal elements has a strong spatial correlation.3. In the ArcMap antimony ore district six kinds of heavy metals in the soil pollution water interface flow mapping the spatial distribution of interpolation, the results show that the water interface flow of heavy metal pollution in soil Ni, Pb, Cd pollution distribution is similar, mainly concentrated in north and south ends and the east, and residents living, transportation and industrial activity is the main reason of pollution. Sb’s distribution mainly concentrates in the middle, and the location of the mining, smelting, mining research district, industrial activity is the main cause of pollution of Sb. Zinc and Cu pollution distribution is similar, mainly concentrated in north and south ends and the west, the position and mine, zinc factory, residential areas, traffic area overlap, to illustrate the two sources of heavy metals in more extensive.4. In addition to heavy metal Sb in the study area is an inverted "U" shape distribution, the other five kinds of heavy metal elements are large with "U" shape distribution. So in general the pollution of heavy metal Sb in the central to a greater extent than surrounding, and the other five kinds of heavy elements, on the other hand. |
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