| Water pollution is one of the most serious environmental problems in China. In the marine resources, the coastal water pollution is particularly serious, especially in estuarine areas and nearby cities. Estuaries have an important position in the transportation and industrial and agricultural production. They are located in the area that the rivers flow into the ocean. The ecological environment is complex and changeable because of the mutual influence of two ecosystems. However, with the impact of human activity, many estuarine areas have faced lots of problems, such as the increase of garbage into the marine and the degradation of wetland. This caused the deterioration of water quality and destruction of estuarine ecosystem, which bring a major constraint to human habitation, economic growth and social development.Evaluate and predict the quality of estuaries, lakes and the marine environment, explore a reasonable approach, construct and use the water environmental management and evaluation system is an effective way to improve water quality. Construction of visualization system based on ArcEngine component is the trend of GIS technology. Lots of information systems based this technology has a good application in many fields. What’s more, the SOM is an unsupervised and competitive clustering network with the characteristics of self-stability, simplification of complex data and process controllability. It can identify the most meaningful features in the vector space and classify them. The combination of these two advantages can provide a strong support for water environmental quality assessment.Based on the needs of relevant region and users, embedding models into the secondary development of GIS, this study builds an application-oriented software-estuarine water environmental quality evaluation system. It can achieve the visualization of geographic information and spatial data. The collected data can be evaluated through SOM module and displayed. It can provide data services for the management department.In the process of development, the basic interface of the system is constructed by Visual Studio 2010 software platform with.NET development language. Combined with ArcEngine 10 component, the display and management of geographic data are completed. Users can operate the features in the system main interface through the simplified tool in the toolbar, grasp the whole view through the Hawkeye and adjust the layers through layer control bar. Finally, according to the principle of SOM neural network model, SOM is coded and built into the system. Depending on whether there is a standard control data, there are two kinds of classification methods to feed the need of practical application. They can analyze, classify the data and evaluate the water quality.After the completion of the software, the data from an area of Liaohe are choosing to test its functions. The process includes adding the base map, adding Excel data, data assessment and classification, spatial interpolation, visualization and decoration and outputting the result. The process shows that the system runs smoothly with a friendly interface that is easier for users to operate. The result is reasonable and intuitional. It can be applied to evaluate water environment quality in estuary or others, and provides a simple and effective method for researchers. At the same time, the system is a result of GIS secondary development with a specified function embedded. It is opened to transplant or extended in other fields to prompting the formation of professional software with a wider scope and more comprehensive functions. |
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