| Petroleum sulfonate is one kind of high quality surface active agent that commonly used in tertiary oil recovery. Its compatibility and stability with injection is good and it doesn’t have a negative effect after the solution being pumped into the oil well. At the same time, it has strong competitiveness because the production process is relatively simple and low cost. It is considered to be one of the most commercial prospects of surfactant. But in the process of petroleum sulfonate production, acid sludge will be produced due to the existence of side reactions such as excessive sulfonation. Acid sludge will cause serious influence to product quality, production equipment and environment, so the separation and comprehensive utilization of acid slag can not only improve the performance of petroleum sulfonate products, reduce the negative impact of the production equipment but also change the waste into resources and improve production efficiency at the same time.In this paper, the separation and application research of acid sludge and the conclusions include the following aspects:(1) The separation of acid sludge. The dichloromethane solvent in acid sludge is recovered by distillation experiment, the purity of dichloromethane is determined. The inorganic salt and active substance in acid sludge is separated by extraction method and ammonia method. The two components are analyzed qualitative and quantitative, the results show that inorganic salt is mostly inorganic sulfate and the active substance is organic sulfonate. The two methods can separate the inorganic salt and active substance, and the content is basically same. The active substance separated by ammonia method still contains a small amount of inorganic salt, so that extraction method has a better separating effect of acid sludge compared with ammonia method.(2) Study of inorganic salt and active substance used as concrete retarder. Inorganic ammonium salt is used as concrete retarder and added into the cement, its effect on the cement setting time is examined. The result proves that inorganic ammonium salt has some retarding effect, but it can release ammonia. Inorganic ammonium salt is transformed into inorganic sodium salt in order to solve this problem. With the increase of adding amount of inorganic sodium salt, the cement retarding time basically stable at 90 min-100 min, basically in line with national standard requirement, but the retarding effect is limited; Active substance is added into the cement, with the increase of adding amount the retarded time becomes longer and longer, and the retarded time meet the requirement of national standard. The result proves that active matter can be used as concrete retarder.(3)Study on the acid sludge used as concrete water-reducing admixture. The inorganic salt and active substance is respectively added into cement, the experimental results show that both have certain water reducing effect. So the acid slag without extraction separation is neutralized with NaOH and directly be used as concrete water-reducing admixture, the slurry water reducing rate and compressive strength changing with the adding amount is checked. The result shows that due to acid sludge introduced a large number of small bubbles into the cement mortar; the slurry water reducing rate first increased then decreases with the increase of adding amount, the compressive strength showed a trend of first decrease and then increase and then decreases again. The acid sludge is checked according to the national standard of concrete admixture uniformity test. The solid content, density, fineness, pH, surface tension, chloride and sodium sulfate content of acid sludge were examined.The results show that all of the indexes of acid slag meet the requirement of national standard of concrete admixture uniformity test.(4) Study on the acid sludge used as concrete air-entering and water-reducing admixture. The acid sludge is used as air-entraining admixture according to the characteristics of air entraining. It is compounded into air-entraining and water-reducing admixture with different types of concrete water-reducing admixture its influence on performance index of concrete is checked and the optimal distribution scheme is gotten through the orthogonal experiments. The result preliminary show the feasibility that the acid sludge can be used as concrete air-entraining and water-reducing admixture. |
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