Preparation And Properties Of Plant Oil Based Polyurethane And Attapulgite Based Composites

With the increasingly exhausted of petrochemical resources and the increase of environmental consciousness, research on renewable resources instead of chemical raw materials for the preparation of environment friendly has become the focus of attention. Vegetable oil, a renewable resource, is natural, environmentally friendly and it is a mixture of long chain fatty acid glycerol ester. Due to less rigid groups in plant oil structure, so the mechanical properties and thermal performance of vegetable oi based materia is poor, which seriously affect the actual application. In order to overcome the above problems, aromatic rigid structure groups were introduced to the polyurethane polymer chain, which makes the thermal stability and mechanical properties increase; in addition, vegetable oil based solvent and waterborne based polyurethane/attapulgite composite material, which was prepared by in situ polymerization method, is in order to reseave the mechanical strength and thermal stability. The research contents are as follows:(1) Cashew phenol and 2-mercapto ethanol as starting material, which via the thiol-ene click reaction for the preparation cardanol-based polyol hydroxyl number controlled (CAP), and then with six methylene diisocyanate (HDI) polymerization for preparation of cardanol based polyurethane. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) were used to character the structure of monomers; Using dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMA) and thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) to test the mechanical properties, thermodynamic properties of the coatings; The water resistance and toluene swelling rate were also tested and made a comparison with eleven acid modified cardanol based polyols polyurethane. The experimental results show that:the mechanical properties and water resistance of cardanol based polyurethane were increased with the increasing of hydroxyl numbers significantly. The maximum elongation is 105.6%, tensile strength is 1.6MPa and water absorption rate is 0.91% of Cardanol based polyurethane coating and eleven acid modified cardanol based polyolspolyurethane has improved in all aspects, which the maximum elongation is 200%, tensile strength is 1.76MPa, bibulous rate is 0.7%.(2) Using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) to modify the attapulgite (AT-OH), and then use organic modified attapulgite (AT-NCO) and HDI as diisocyanate, eleven acid modified cardanol as polyols to prepare a series of eleven acid modified cardanol based polyurethane/attapulgite soil (UPU/AT) by in situ polymerization using FT-IR, DSC, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and TGA to tested the properties of UPU/AT and the water resistance and toluene swelling rate were also tested. Experimental results show that:the organic modification attapulgite clay can be uniformly dispersed in the UPU matrix and effectively improve the mechanical properties and thermal stability of UPU/AT composites.(3) Using AT-NCO, castor oil, IPDI,1,4-butanediol,2,2-dimethylol propionic acid as main raw materials to prepare a series of attapulgite modified waterborne polyurethane via internal emulsification method. The structure and properties were characterized by FT-IR, DSC, SEM and TGA and the water resistance of the composite coating was also tested. The experimental results show that:the organic modification attapulgite clay can be uniformly dispersed in the UPU matrix and effectively improve the mechanical properties and thermal stability of UPU/AT composites.