Allelopathic Effect And Mechanism Of Linolenic Acid On Alfacal Algae And Kelvin Algae

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of harmful algal blooms in China’s coastal areas and around the world, seriously affecting the marine ecosystems, marine aquatic system is stable, even on marine fisheries and human health produced a huge threat.Currently, treatment methods for harmful algal blooms there are many, However, many treatment methods for marine systems have some destructive, so,look for an efficient, low-impact treatment methods tide imminent.We use allelopathy principle to inhibit the growth of harmful red tide microalgae by extracting from unsaturated fatty acids in the large algae cells are the focus of this study.Currently, the mechanism for the inhibition studies major allelochemicals on algal cells antioxidant system, photosynthetic systems, the impact of extracellular enzymes.Especially oxidation coercive system, because the system is more than oxidative stress associated with the impact of other factors together, but allelochemicals whether a direct effect on whether a protein or by directly affecting the electron transfer in chloroplasts, mitochondria caused by oxidative stress the issue needs further study.In addition, with regard to reports of allelochemicals for suppression of red tide microalgae whether caused by apoptosis pathway rarely reported.So, gbiomass unsaturated fatty acids for oxidative stress and apoptosis of red tide microalgae research for the development and use of allelochemicals algae has important significance.Gbiomass-linolenic acid is in early childhood studies and coralline algae Sargassum isolated tissues identified, with strong algicidal activity, the paper further explores the different linolenic Heterosigma akashiwo and Karenia mikimotoi the inhibition mechanism.Linolenic acid on research by studying different H.akashiwo and K. mikimotoi Bay oxidative stress and apoptosis in linolenic acid to explore the mechanism of inhibition of red tide microalgae.Linolenic acid, an unsaturated fatty acid, common in plants, and is one of the substances essential for the growth and development of plants and animals.Through the influence of harmful red tide microalgae oxidative stress and apoptosis mechanisms to investigate linolenic acid linolenic grams for harmful red tide microalgae should take effect, so as other unsaturated fatty acids can inhibit the growth of harmful red tide microalgae provide strong experimental evidence. H.akashiwo and K. Mikimotoi harmful red tide algae species are the main form, the paper using a variety of experimental methods to explore the unsaturated fatty acids- linolenic acid on H.akashiwo and K. mikimotoi oxidative stress and cell withered study the mechanism of death, to obtain the following results: 1.The growth of linolenic acid effects on H.akashiwo and K. Mikimotoi.Linolenic acid on H.akashiwo and K. mikimotoi,s growth presents low concentrations promote high concentrations inhibit trend. 2.The antioxidant system of linolenic different effects on H.akashiwo and K. mikimotoi.Linolenic different effects of H.akashiwo and K. mikimotoi after 48 h, in general, with increasing concentrations of linolenic acid, antioxidant enzymes(SOD, CAT, POD) activity and antioxidants(ascorbate, GSH) have emerged after the first increased and then decreased. 3.The reactive oxygen species of linolenic acid on H.akashiwo and K. mikimotoiLinolenic different effects of H.akashiwo and K. mikimotoi after 48 h, with increasing concentrations of linolenic acid, hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and ROS levels gradually increased, superoxide anion content increased at first, followed a downward trend. 4.The oxidative damage of linolenic acid on H.akashiwo and K. MikimotoiLinolenic different effects of H.akashiwo and K. mikimotoi after 48 h, with the increase in linolenic acid concentration after the first increased and then decreased malondialdehyde content appears. By malondialdehyde content to reflect the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation. 5.Trypan blue staining experimentsTrypan blue staining experiments showed that the role of linolenic H.akashiwo and K. mikimotoi after 48 h, linolenic acid concentration increases, the survival rate of algal cells decreased. 6.The apoptotic mechanisms of iso-linolenic acid on H.akashiwo and K. Mikimotoi(1) The ultrestructure of experimental H.akashiwo and K. Mikimotois showed that,inolenic acid treatment of H.akashiwo,cell membrane invaginationappreared H.akashiwo cells,cells arranged in disorder,part of plastids boundary is not obvious and begin to dissolve the vacuole change,a fat droplets appeared;linolenic acidtreatment of K. Mikimotoi,plasmolysis appeared;K. Mikimotoi cell organelles,cells arranged in disorder,blurred,vacuoles increased,protein fat droplets and black.(2)the mitochondrial membrane potential experiments show that H.akashiwo linolenic different treatment and K. mikimotoi compared with the untreated control group of mitochondrial membrane potential.(3)Caspase-3,9 enzyme detection experiments show H.akashiwo linolenic different treatment and K. mikimotoi compared with the untreated control group, Caspase-3,9 activity increased.(4)cytochrome c release experiments show that H.akashiwo linolenic different treatment and K. mikimotoi compared with the untreated control group, the content of cytochrome increased.(5)Bcl-2 experiments show that H.akashiwo linolenic different treatment and K. mikimotoi compared with the untreated control group, the content of Bcl-2 decreased.