Study On Preparation And Properties Of Electrorheological Elastomer

With the energy-saving and emission-reduction policy was proposed, the voice of reducing energy consumption is getting louder and louder. The industry of high energy consumption such as ship transportation is badly needed to improve and an important way is to reduce friction. Based on the research on the turbulent non smooth drag reduction technology, and inspired by the dolphin can change its surface morphology depend on the external flow field, using the gel ER elastomer to simulated dolphin "dermis". Cooperate with piezoelectric film, the gel ER elastomer can form corresponding deformation under the electric signal excitation. The smart wall with adaptive features can be prepared, and can achieve a stable drag reduction effect in wide area flow field, so it has a great application value.In order to obtain the elastomer material that modulus and electrodeformation can meet the requirements, choosing the appropriate electrorheological （ER） fluid dispersion material and elastic matrix material to prepare a variety of electrorheological elastomer samples by using the electrorheological effect and driving principle of dielectric elastomer. The method is as follows:Sol-gel method was used to let the hydroxyl activated surface of nano Fe3O4 particles coated with amorphous TiO2, and with the polar molecular acrylamide modified coating layer, Fe3O4/TiO2 core-shell composite particles can be made. Dispersing core-shell composite particles to oily liquid to get composite electrorheological fluids. Detection and observation of the material composition and microstructure morphology of the composite particles. And tested the ER properties of composite ER fluids under different preparation processes. The results showed that TiO2 can even tightly coated on the surface of nano Fe3O4 particles, and when coated with 4 times of TiO2, stirring time was 4h, and the mass ratio of acrylamide to butyl titanate was 25%, can get the best ER properties.Applied room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber PDMS as the elasticity matrix material, and mixed it with the above composite electrorheological fluid by using solution method and cured under certain conditions, can get electrorheological elastomer samples. Tested the mechanical properties and electrical properties of the elastomer samples prepared by different methods, the results showed that:the dielectric properties and elastic modulus of specimens had improved with the join of the ER particles, compared with that of the pure silicone rubber matrix. The rate of increasement of the performance of samples curing under the electric field （1kV/mm）was bigger than that of samples curing without electric field. The sensitive range of mass fraction of dispersed particles of two kinds of samples prepared under electric field or not was different. When the mass fraction of dispersed phase particles was 15.5%,the performance of samples prepared under electric field had the jump phenomenon, and the electric driven deformation reached the maximum here. The performance of the samples produced without electric field appeared surge phenomenon when the dispersed phase particle mass fraction was 19.7%, and the electrodeformation also had a maximum value here, but less than the maximum value of the former electrodeformation. The crosslinking reaction of silicone rubber also had effect on the properties of elastic specimens, and with the increasement of crosslinking pressure, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and modulus of the elastomer samples increased and tended to be stable. The elastic specimens cured under the electric field, with the dispersed phase particle mass fraction was 15.5%, can reach the maximum value of electrodeformation 9.93%, when the crosslinking pressure was 12.5MPa, while the compression modulus was 1.61MPa.So, uniform mixing Fe₃O₄/TiO₂ composite particle electrorheological fluid with PDMS to prepare the elastomer specimens can basically satisfy the compression modulus and electrodeformation requirements, when the mass fraction of the composite particles was 15.5%, crosslinking pressure was 12.5 MPa, and cured under the strength of 1kV/mm electric field.