Evaluation Research On Negative Externality For Ecological Environment In Procedure Of Mineral Products—Based On GIS Teconology

Mineral products are non-renewable resources, which provide the important foundation for human living and development. But in a long time, there are a great number of environment problems for the lack of attention on them, and which also cause many damages on the living and producing places. Under such a background, all over the world have already pay great focus on how to use and develop the mineral products effectively, in order to keep the sustainable energy development strategy and protect the living environment.Requirements by the Third plenary Session of 18 th Centreal Committee is to speed up the ecological civilization construction. The main contents are: 1. to improve the price reform of natural ecology and resources; 2. to follow the market demand; 3. to reflect the market supply and demand, the degree of scarce resorce, and the cost to repair these influence combined with mining procedure. However, for the reason that there is no unified evaluation method for negative externalities in ecological environment and losses calculation as well, therefore, there is lack of foundation for the additional expenditure from the mining companies. Besides, many other phenomenons, such as high profit, excessive exploitation, and unreasonable, cause that the sustainable development is impossible.Based on the previous studies on environment loss during mining procedure, this paper presents a deep analysis on environment polution during mining, and provides a comprehensive assessment index system combined with the theory of external economy. Finally, one mineral region has been selected as the case study, and major outcomes are given as follows:(1) It’s concluded that there are three aspects which show the environment pollution by the mineral products, including the atmospheric environment, supergene eco-environment and subsurface eco-environment. Supergene eco-environment is composed of surface water, soil, vegetation and triggered geo-hazards.(2) Based on the hypothesis, the negative externality assessment of mineral products to eco-environment is generalization by the representation of index. And, the selected factors must follow several principles: comprehensive analysis, dominant factors, hierarchy principle, and combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis.(3) According to experence method, and combined with the three levels relationship of environmental externalities, this paper presents a three dimentional evaluation index system including atmospheric, surface and subsurface.(4) The evaluation model(MEI) for negative externalities of mining environment has been established through data analysis and process, to implement the quantitative assessment of negative externalities in ecological environment during the development of mineral products.(5) One mineral region selected as a case study, has been eveluated based on the method presented by this paper based on ArcGIS software. The results show the polluted areas are distributed at mining areas, producing areas and living areas, and the most intensity areas are mining areas and living areas, and the regions between them are polluted lower.(6) The quantitative evaluation results from the method presented in this paper, including the economical losses by negative externalities in ecological environment during the development of mineral products, make the foundation of compensable use of mine resources and compensation mechanism of eco-environment in the future.