60 Years Of New China Economic Organizations Of Rural Change And Performance

Institution of economic organizations in rural area plays a very important role in the agricultural production and exchange activities. Whether the design of property right system and distribution system is reasonable or not, directly affect institutional performance. Nowadays, the problem of agriculture, rural areas and farmers with the pressure of competition at home and abroad is continuously emerging. Economic organizations in rural areas, as the main organizational form, directly participate in market economic activities and promote rural economic development, and its development is also one of important factors which affect future agricultural development. This thesis is based on fully understanding of the importance and practical significance of economic organizations, institutional transition and the institutional performance in rural area. This thesis chooses the time period from1949to1978as the researching spells, and chooses the period of economic organizations in rural area, institutional transition and institutional performance as the main research contents.The focus of this thesis includes the following three points:Firstly, dividing the whole process of institutional transition into two time interval, from1949to1978and from1979to2008. By studying the agent of the institution transition of economic organizations in rural area, property right system and distribution system, the author further combs the process, including institutional transition of the government supply-oriented which is from1949to1978, and the institutional transition of demand-derivatived which is from1979to2008. Secondly, incorporate institutional transition and institutional performance of economic organizations in rural area into "structure-behavior-performance" model within the classic analysis framework, Set up "institutional structure-institution of organizations’ selection-institutional performance" model. Then from three angles, the property right structure, degree of efforts for the members of the organization’s measurement ability and external system environment, to analyze the institutional performance of economic organizations in rural area. Thirdly, take1978as a turning point, study the role of government respectively, from1949to1978economic organizations in rural area’s institutional transition path, which is from the peer support, elementary agricultural producers’ cooperative, advanced agricultural producers’ cooperative to the people’s commune, and from1979to2008 economic organizations in rural area’s institutional transition path, which is from household contract responsibility system, three layer or multi-layer system of rural economic organizations to innovative joint stock cooperative system. Despite the government’s role in the two periods are different, judging from a full time, the government use political mobilization ability, relevant policies supplying and regulations to realize the smooth transition of the two periods.