An Empirical Study On Export Effection On Productivity Of Chinese Enterprises

With the European Union, the United States and other major trade partners continuing to reduce trade demand, Chinese trade surplus continue to narrow. While now China is at the critical period of economic transformation. Does the slowdown of exporting means the crisis of China’s productivity growth? To answer this question, we need to be sure whether exports can indeed promote economic growth.General study of this issue is from macro perspective, namely to explore the effect of export on macro-economic growth or industry development. A variety of theoretical arguments and empirical research show that export has a positive effect on economic growth. While as the principal part of economy, micro-enterprises should have the most direct effect on economy.Ever since2003, with a growing number of multinational companies trading with and investing in foreign markets, the traditional trade theory focused on nation-level cannot explain kinds of international economic phenomenon any more. The new-new trade theory that focused on companies comes into being.Based on the new-new trade theory, this paper calculated the total factor productivity (TFP) with the database of industrial enterprise statistics, and analyzed the overall relationship between export and TFP. So the paper is divided into two main parts:the calculation of TFP and research on bilateral relationship.As to the calculation of TFP, we applied LP method, which used intermediate inputs as proxy variable. Intermediates can respond more smoothly to productivity shocks, solving the simultaneity problem. Another nice feature of the intermediate input is that it provides a simple link between the estimation strategy and the economic theory, primarily because intermediate inputs are not typically state variables. In Stata, we use the levpet function to realize the simulating calculation.The research on bilateral relationships covers mainly two parts:The regression analysis of panel data and descriptive analysis of section data. Among the panel data analysis, we test the Export Premium Model, Self-selection Model and learning-by-exporting effect. It turns out that exporting firms in China have3%premium of TFP, with unobvious self-selection effect and obvious learning-by-exporting effect. The later descriptive analysis shows the differences among companies with different kinds of ownership, different modes of trade, and different industries.Catalogue of the paper is as follows:The first chapter is introduction part, presenting the background, the meaning of the research, the advantages and shortcomings; the second chapter is literature reviewing part, introducing the theory development and empirical tests on developed and developing countries; the third chapter is calculation of TFP with LP method; the fourth chapter is the research on bilateral relationships from panel data analysis and cross-section data analysis; the fifth chapter is the conclusion part, giving the general conclusion and some advices.Main conclusion of this paper is that there exists3%productivity premium among Chinese industrial enterprises; the self-selection effect is not obvious while learning-by-exporting effect is kind of obvious. Also, firms with general trade have productivity advantages over those with processing trade; foreign-owned enterprises have advantages over private enterprises and have more willing to export; different industries show different relationships between export and TFP for their personal reasons.The most significant aim of this paper is to guide Chinese firms participate in international market at proper time and in proper way. On one hand, firms should enter oversea markets positively to gain the productivity-increasing effect from learning and competing; on the other hand, firms should pay more attention to the modes of trade, with processing to expand the market and turning to generaltrade to get sustainable development.