Research On Characteristics And Development Policy Of Poverty-relief Object In Nanling Mountains

The "Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development Program (2011-2020)",whichwas joint promulgated by the Central Committee Party and the State Council in2011,has pointed out that it is of great significance on further promoting povertyalleviation and development. Taking the destitute areas as the main battle field is animportant measure to promote all the people to share in the fruits of reform.Theeighteenth National Congress of the CPC has clearly put forward a comprehensivewell-off society goal in2020. In this context，it has certain practical significance onchoosing the poverty alleviation as the subject line. Poverty alleviation is the must-befacing and solving problems in both developing countries and developed countries. Byusing "short board effect" in economics theory to analyze, if poverty problem can not besolved in the long-term, it will be the short board of the country’s economic and socialdevelopment. Based on this, each session of our government at all levels attachs greatimportance to the work of poverty-stricken areas, and a series of policies and measuresare successively promulgated. China’s poverty alleviation work went through from thesystem model stage to the large-scale development-oriented model stage, entered thestage of the current key poverty alleviation. Each stage has achieved initial results. Butaccording to the statistics of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, China’s impoverishedpopulation mainly concentrates in the minority areas, and with the formingcharacteristics. As a result, it has important theoretical and practical significance tostudy the poverty alleviation in minority poverty area. Currently, the poverty alleviationis the major social and political problem. Resolving the poverty problem is the basicgoal of building a new rural, also is the inevitable choice of spanning the comprehensiveconstruction of well-off society. Strengthening the poverty alleviation work vigorouslyin ethnic minority areas is the fundamental way to solve the problem of povertyinChina.The Nanling mountainous area poverty alleviation work is of strategicsignificance on promoting national unity, making minority area people out of poverty,ethnicing faster and better economic and social development. Thus, the majority offarmers can share the fruits of reform. Under this background, the research of this paperis aimed to choose the Nanling Mountains as poverty alleviation object, combine withthe local reality and development policy.On the one hand,this paper choose national minority in Nanling mountainous areaof Guangdong province as object of study, in order to explore the universal law inNanling mountainous area poverty alleviation, clarify theoretical significance that whythe country choose destitute areas as poverty relief battlefield; on the other hand,through the empirical research in minority regions of Guangdong Province, we conclude that area poverty alleviation work is of great significance on promoting theeconomic development in Nanling mountains, realizing coordinated development ofregional economics and all-round development of the nation,and then make all the peoplelive a comprehensive well-off life.Based on the method of literature, data analysis andinvestigation, combined the literature at home and abroad, by analyzing the feature ofobject in Nanling mountainous area, this paper try to give some suggestions on buildingthe mode of Nanling mountainous area poverty alleviation.The thesis is presented fromthe following aspects.The concept standard of poverty,, the concept of poverty alleviation and the basicprinciple are the basis of the research. Poverty, compared with surplus, well-off, is acomplicated social connotation, problem is also a common economic phenomenon, indifferent periods and different countries, the content and standard of poverty are not thesame. The task of poverty alleviation is to take a series of measures to help the poor outof poverty, poverty is a firm determination to help poor people out of poverty, leadthem on the road of prosperity."Poverty" has three meanings: reducing poverty, slowingdown poverty and eliminating poverty. The three layers of meaning trys to interpretatethe concept of anti-poverty by progressive methods. Poverty reduction highlights thechanges in the number of poverty; slowing down poverty expresses behavior process ofanti-poverty from the poverty degree; poverty elimination reflects the ultimate goal ofanti-poverty. From the concept of poverty, poverty alleviation not only highlights theprocess of poverty alleviation,but also the goal of poverty alleviation. China’s currentpoverty alleviation and the two concepts before are close, the more attention is to showthe process of helping poor people get rid of poverty s, then giving targeted assistance tothem. The basic principle of poverty alleviation are as follows. Government leading,graded responsibility;key points focused, classification guidance; departmentcooperation, composition promotion; rely through our own efforts, hard-working, socialsupport, common prosperity; overall planning, scientific development; innovation andreform, opening wider to the outside world.The poverty status is analyzed from farmer status quo and area family status. farmerstatus quo reflected that family status is dominated by traditional agriculture, littlenatural capital, poor production ability, old ideas, weak human capital, household laborpoor overall quality; weak home network, narrow social network, lack of social capitaland physical capital, anti-disaster ability, big survival risk,little and difficult financingchannel, scarce financing capital.On the area family status hand,we find that theproblems are as follows. The natural ecological environment is fragile, natural capital isbarren, the low level of productivity; location is remote, infrastructure and otherphysical capita are not enough, anti-risk ability is low; the financing channel is narrow,financing capital shortage, organization of social capital is weak; the educationresources are poor, weak basic education, it is short of human capital. By analyzing the reason of causing poverty and go into poverty reversally inNanling mountainous area,we find the characteristics of poverty alleviation objects inthe Nanling mountainous area are prensented as follows. Nanling farmers’ poorconditions,family background and other more factors which lead to poverty inintergenerational transmission characteristics, formidable natural conditions,the singlesource of little income, unperfect social security system and weak economy lead tovulnerability characteristics of Nanling mountain farmers; temporary poverty alleviationpolicy, short-term poverty alleviation, natural disasters and low population qualityconsolidate the anti-poverty achievement, which lead to persistent poverty features inNanling mountains.As for the Nanling mountainous area, it is fundamentally difficult to get rid ofpoverty, the obstacle factors of poverty alleviation are as follows.Closed and old mind,lacking awareness of innovation, instant success,insufficient policy research lead that aconsistent mechanism can not be built; Some false rural development and statistical dataresult that the poverty alleviation object can not be aimed correctly.The weakconstruction of rural grassroots organizations. Positivty of poverty alleviation leaders isnot upsurged.The Nanling mountainous area poverty alleviation work is a systematicproject,System perspective should be selected, considering the poor interaction systemof internal and external factors comprehensively. Analyzing the deep-seated reason ofdynamic, overall on poverty problem of object, and then explore practical mechanisms.Suggestions on taking off deficient to become rich in Nanling mountainous area arepresented as follows. For poverty and vulnerability characteristics,we can implementmany benefit projects to increase farmers’ income, improve the ability of riskprevention of farmers; according to the characteristics of the intergenerationaltransmission of poverty, providing health services and education of poor families bymany measures, improving the overall quality of poverty-stricken areas,to develophuman capital; in view of the persistence of poverty, a long-term point of view on theeradication of poverty alleviation,by using scientific method to become rich，Thuscracking the poor mountain area’s challenges; for poor connectivity characteristics,wecan provide guidance from different areas, integrate resources, condense the contiguousdevelopment ability of economic cooperation and complementary functions of thespatial development strategy.