Research On The Carbon Tax And The Carbon Emission Trade Based On Economic Efficiency

With the deterioration of the global climate, global warming has been widelyconcerned in the world. Ithas been focusedby the international community to dealwith the global climate. As the world’s largest greenhouse-gasemitter,Chineseauthorities are actively exploring the national low-carbondevelopment strategies. China’s carbon emission reduction policy is currently in itsinfancy, and will d develop quickly. The study of carbon emission reduction theorywill play a significant part of China’s carbon emission reduction system construction,energy consumption, economic growth and industrial upgrading.Based on normative analysis of economic efficiency we research thecarbonemission reduction system from the micro and macro levels. First, we introduce theeconomic efficiency into the carbon emission reduction system, and study theshort-term response and long-term effects of carbon reduction system in relativelystatic method; based on the principle of marginal economic efficiency we constructcarbon emissions cost function and marginal damage function to determine theefficient level of carbon emissions; we establish the model of the mechanism of actionof the carbon emission reduction policies and carbon taxes and carbon emissionstrading system,compare the emission reduction targets and the ultimate effectdifference of the two kinds of system, and explore the impact of carbon emissionreduction to improve clean energy technologies.The main conclusions of this paper are:In the carbon tax system efficient carbon emission level is higher than theefficiency level in the carbon emissions trading mechanism. Carbon taxes and carbonemissions trading mechanism enables carbon emissions at the level of efficiency. Infact there is a difference between the two systems of governance cost curve, and corporationscost more in the carbon tax system costs than in the carbon emissionstrading mechanism.Second, carbon taxes and carbon emissions trading engages enterprise inimprovingthe pollution control technology, but there is a difference between the twoincentive effects. The two systems both have a stimulant effect, and in carbon taxsystem enterprises cost more than in carbon emissions trading mechanism aftertechnology upgrade. Sothe incentives of carbon emissions trading mechanism arerelatively stronger.Third, the upgrade of pollution control technology will result in deviation fromthe efficient level both in carbon emissions carbon taxes and carbon emissions tradingmechanism. The cost of corporations change after the technology upgrade, andso dothe efficient carbon emission levels. The balanced carbon emissions in carbon taxsystem is less than the efficient level.The balanced carbon emissions in the carbonemissions trading mechanism is higher than the efficient level. Weneed to adjust thetax rate of the carbon tax or carbon emissions permits quota in order to make carbonemissions under the two systems re-implement the efficient level.