| As our important proposition in the process of modernization and sustainedeconomic growth, urbanization is the main engine of China’s sustained economicdevelopment and potential power. Since the reform and opening up, China’surbanization level has played an increasingly great role in promoting economicdevelopment and social progress. However, the rapid development of urbanization alsobrings some significant problems, such as ignoring the efficiency of resource allocation,inefficient urbanization, deterioration of the urban environment, and so on. Therefore,how to improve the quality of urbanization gradually get the interest and attention of thenew central leadership and community. In2012, the Central Economic WorkConference set the urbanization as the tone for the maximum potential for the expansionof domestic demand, and stressed that promoting urbanization actively and steadily, andstrive to improve the quality of urbanization. Based on this, to study how to integratethe concept of sustainable development such as environmental protection withurbanization, to establish a reasonable evaluation system of the efficiency and quality ofurbanization, and to measure of the efficiency and quality of the urbanization accuratelyis of vital significance.However, currently little literature examine urbanization efficiency from theenvironmental constraints framework, leading to a lack of research on this issuein-depth and comprehensive. Based on this, the paper built a relatively comprehensiveframework to study urbanization efficiency, with the integration of environmentalpollutants into efficiency evaluation system, and on the basis of the analysis of theChina’s urbanization and environmental pollution. Using beyond the stochastic frontiermodel number of the production function, combining the urbanization input and outputdata of a total of2232samples of279prefecture-level and above cities from2003to2010in China, from the population, economic, spatial, and social four aspects, thispaper compares and analysis the horizontal space layout differences and timelongitudinal dynamic change of China ’s urbanization efficiency with no environmentalconstraints, and explores and comparatively analysis its influencing factors.The result shows that: in the two models with or with no environmental constraints,China’s population, economy, space and social urbanization efficiency are all showingthe same longitudinal changes in trend. It is found that society, space urbanizationefficiency are relatively stable, but economic urbanization efficiency is in the upward trend, the trend of the population urbanization efficiency increases at first and thendecreased. It is clear that the impact of environmental pollutants on the China ’surbanization efficiency is not obvious. In the transverse zone, there are some differencesin urbanization efficiency between the two models, such as a lot of cities in theNortheast, population and economic efficiency increase significantly after considerationof environmental pollutants, which shows that the affect of environmental constraints tothe urbanization efficiency presences differences between cities. The impact factors,such as population density, industrial structure, the role of government, regional scale,industrial scale and foreign investment have different impact on urbanization efficiencyat various levels in the two models whether there are environmental constraints. Such aswhen consideration of environmental pollutants, the industrial structure significantlyinhibit the population urbanization efficiency, while the impact on the economyurbanization efficiency was not significant. And if pollutants were not considered,industrial structure will not significantly affect population urbanization, but significantlypromote the improvement of the economic urbanization, which shows that the structureof China’s industry is still more based on the serious pollution of environmental. On thisbasis, this article proposes the policy recommendations. |
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