Research On MAC Protocol Of Merge Ranging For Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor network has been gradually applied to various fields as a new rapiddevelopment technology, which brought profound impact on people’s life and production. Nodelocalization is the essential problem due to the characteristics of wireless sensor network.Currently, the widely applied node localization technology is ranging-based localizationtechnology, which needs network to initiate ranging operation so that it can cause rangingoverhead. Energy efficiency is the main object of designing wireless sensor network, and MACprotocol can effectively control the invalid energy loss of the wireless sensor network. Currently,data communication operation and ranging operation are both loaded in Data Link Layer, and thetwo operations are independent and can’t be initiated at the same time. As to the problem, thispaper takes conducting data communication operation and ranging operation simultaneously, andcutting the ranging operation cost as the objects, a MAC protocol of merge ranging is researcheddeeply. The main work of this paper can be summarized as follows:1. Focusing on wireless sensor network’s operations of data communication and rangingwhich are separately loaded in the Data Link Layer, a MRS-MAC protocol of merge ranging forwireless sensor network is designed. The protocol is based on MS-MAC protocol, extends framestructure of MS-MAC protocol, and adds time information fields, so that it can realize theranging function at the same time when conducting MAC protocol’s own function, and it candecrease network’s ranging overhead; and focusing on the problem of unknown mobility node inthe wireless sensor network, this paper introduces the concept of potential mobility node todecrease the energy consume. Simulations show that the MRS-MAC protocol is suitable for bothstationary nodes and mobile nodes in the wireless sensor network.2. Analyzing the ranging error when using MRS-MAC protocol to realize ranging, andaiming at the reasons which caused the ranging error, a Processing Delay Repair (PDR)algorithm is proposed. The PDR algorithm can decrease the ranging error caused by the differentprocessing time of nodes. Analysis in theoretical and simulations show that PDR algorithm cansignificantly decrease the ranging error caused by the different processing delay of nodes, andimproves ranging accuracy.3. Focusing on the impact of node mobility on using MRS-MAC protocol ranging, amethod of packet segmentation is presented. We research into the relationship between thepacket transmission time and packet segmentation method. Through defining the packettransmission time efficiency and structuring optimization model, using the method of0.618to search the optimal packet size which is based on time efficiency. Simulations show that themethod of packet segmentation can achieve a reasonable compromise between MRS-MACprotocol’s control overhead and node mobility sensitivity, and decreases the transmission time ofthe entire packet effectively.4. Completing the realization of MRS-MAC protocol in the indoor environment parameteracquisition system. This paper realizes the MRS-MAC protocol in the indoor environmentparameter acquisition system, and tests the function of MRS-MAC protocol.