| The rapid development of wireless communication technology promotes the need of integrated RF front-end product. Integrated RF front end is usually realized by using the differential technology. As one of the key components of RF front-end, most of the antennas are designed to be single port device. Differential antenna changes the traditional design method of the antenna, which directly feeds the differential signal into the two ports of the antenna. It provides a new method for highly integrated RF front end. In order to adapt the development trend of wireless communications equipment, antenna is more and more integrated with other communication equipment. To ensure the stable operation of wireless communication system, one should take consider of electromagnetic compatibility and antenna radiation, in which a numerical analysis is carried out on the antenna. Usually, the analysis methods of microstrip antenna can be divided into three categories:antenna transmission line method, cavity model, and integral equation method. Among them, transmission line theory is the simplest one, and is widely used in engineering design. Transmission line model based on the transmission line theory can help us to understand the basic electrical parameters form the physical meaning of antenna radiation.This paper mainly designs a single-band differential microstrip antenna, and studies the transmission line modes of compact dual-band differential microstrip antennas with stacked configuration. It can be divided into the following parts:First of all, the research status of the differential microstrip antenna and transmission line model is introduced, and then some characteristic parameters and the analysis methods of microstrip antennas are presented.Secondly, a compact single-band differential microstrip antenna is designed. Two T-shape slits are etched on the radiating patch, and the current path is increased. Thus, the miniaturization of antenna is realized.Finally, the design and transmission line mode analysis of compact dual-band differential antenna are studied. The antenna is miniaturized by dividing the radiating element with half-guided wavelength at the first frequency into two stacked patches, which are connected through one via hole. The first frequency is determined by the stacked patches, and the second frequency is mainly determined by the upper patch. Each patch of the antenna is modeled as a section of transmission line terminated by two radiating slots, and via hole between stacked patches is represented by a parallel RLC. Particularly, the formula for the admittance of via hole is deduced. To validate the transmission line model, another antenna is designed. The simulated results indicate the validation of the transmission line model for the antenna. |
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