Research And Application Of Zigbee Routing Algorithm Based On Energy Optimization

IEEE802.15.4standard is uniquely designed for low data rate WPANs. ZigBee is awireless technology based on IEEE802.15.4. In recent years, due to the advantage of ZigBeecharacter, ZigBee targets the applications such as industrial agricultural, vehicular, residential,medical sensors and actuators which have more relaxed throughput requirements. In apractical application，most of ZigBee nodes randomly spread in complex terrain conditions. Itis impossible for node to change battery timely when the energy of battery is insufficient. Soenergy conservation gradually becomes one of the important mechanisms of ZigBee routingprotocols.At first, this paper introduces the characteristics of ZigBee technical, Z-Stack, networkcompose of ZigBee, the preferred routing protocol of ZigBee, propose concept of energyrouting, then introduce some routing protocols. Now existing routing protocols are consideredin terms of energy saving are mainly from two aspects: control network overhead and balancethe residual energy of nodes. The method to control network overhead is looking for a routewhich has least residual energy of nodes in the network, so the backbone nodes are usedfrequently. The method to balance the residual energy of nodes is making nodes equal, lightenthe burden of transmission backbone nodes,delay network segmentation time.So the twoaspects are contradictory, and the existing routing protocols did not combine them effective.Therefore, in order to reduce the use of low energy nodes and control the network overhead atthe same time, achieve real energy saving aim, in this paper, we proposed an improvedalgorithm based on Minimum Battery Cost Routing.The algorithm is improved in the following two aspects: control transmission extent ofRoute Request and redefined routing overhead. First, judge the relationship between nodes,obtain the direction which Route Request packets reach the destination node, then limit thedepth of Route Request packet transmission, in order to avoid the unnecessary waste offorwarding Route Request packets; Second, the algorithm redefined routing overhead, thenode’s residual energy as an important parameter when calculate the whole routing overhead.The path with low energy nodes have big routing consumption, the use of low energy node iscontrolled indirectly. Finally build the NS2simulation platform, use NS2platform to compareoriginal routing algorithm with improved routing algorithm in the number of dead nodes andnetwork overhead. Simulation results show that the improved routing protocol reducednetwork overhead, prolonged the life of the network. The validity of the conclusion isconvinced.At the end of this paper, we put the theory into practice to design a smart-home system,achieved the basic function of the smart-home with the ZigBee hardware and the design of each node. At the same time, we apply the improved algorithm in the ZigBee smart-homemodel to verify the algorithm in practical applications.