Analysis Of The Cognitive Structure And Teaching Strategies On The Difficulties In Learning Of Function In High School

From the actual situation of higher teaching of function,students in the learning function generally feel difficult and their learning achievement is not ideal, which includes not only the cause of non-cognitive aspects, but also includes cognitive-related reasons. And cognitive-related reasons have many cases, like level of cognitive, meta cognition, cognitive structures, etc.Cognitive psychology suggests that students’learning processes are essential processes of keeping on building and improving cognitive structures. In this paper, I’ll chose cognitive structures causing learning difficulties as a starting point,with the theoretical basis of cognitive structure and example of learning higher functions, to explore the cognitive structure of learning difficulties. This paper adopts the literature method, observation method, questionnaire method. It starts from the cognitive functions of learning difficulties, and then I’ll explore the reason of cognitive structures causing learning difficulties, at last I’ll propose some specific teaching strategies to help students build good cognitive structure of the function and improve their difficult situation of function learning aiming at improving their academic level of function. This paper is divided into the following sections:Firstly, in the introduction, this paper analyzes the necessity of research on difficulties of learning function, submits the contents, methods and significance of this paper.Secondly, the paper reviews the current situation of research on learning difficulties, describes and analyses the concept, properties and function of related variables influences of mathematic cognitive structures. And then it analyses the factors to build the function of cognitive structure from the objective and subjective aspects.Thirdly, based on the carrier of high functional knowledge, this paper surveys two high schools’ freshman in Linyi City and Wuhan City, with the results I find that the cognitive structures’reasons that cause learning difficulties has the following three aspects:the basis of the original knowledge is weak; the ability to outorganize function is bad; the representation of functional knowledge is imperfect. These problems make the students have difficulty in learning functional knowledge and using them to solve problems.Finally, combined with the theory of cognitive psychology and constructivist point of view, this paper proposes several teaching strategies to help students their cognitive structures of function: firstly, pay attention to understand their original cognitive structure; secondly, teaching strategies of function of declarative knowledge, including objective strategy, strategy of precise analysis, organizational strategy, systematic strategy; thirdly, teaching strategies of procedural functional knowledge, including deployment strategy, variation strategy, comparative strategy, practical and feedback strategy.The research of this paper should have referential significance to some students learning function to improve their academic level, because of the restriction of the author’s own level, study has some shortcomings. For example, in what kind of teaching conditions can the teaching strategies be most effective, for such questions the author will continue to study.