NFAT And FoxO1Expression Changes And Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type Conversion Of The Different Forms Of Exercise

Research Objective: To study the impact of different motion model under calciumcalcineurin （CaN/NFAT） signaling pathway and forkhead transcription factor （FoxO1）changes in rat skeletal muscle fiber composition.Research Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: a controlgroup （C）, endurance training group （E）, the resistance training group （R）, the eccentricexercise group （I group） The hind legs drape group （H）,10in each group. SD rats of group E,R, I, H adaptive training, after two weeks of formal training. Day stop training rats ipsilateralsoleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles and lateral gastrocnemius shallow withmetachromatic the ATPase assay skeletal muscle fiber type composition. NFAT_c1 and FoxO1protein content was measured using immunohistochemical methods and Western blotting.The results:1. NFAT_c1 protein expressionWestern blotting analysis shows: the NFAT_c1 protein expression in group C of the ratgastrocnemius E group compared to very significantly increased （P<0.01）; the R groupNFAT_c1 protein expression compared to group C increased significantly （P<0.05）; H groupNFAT_c1 protein expression compared to group C was significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Ratsoleus muscle group E and R group NFAT_c1 protein expression in group C compared to verysignificantly increased （P<0.01）; compared to the I-group and C group significantly increased（P<0.05）; H group NFAT_c1 protein expression compared to group C was significantlydecreased （P<0.05）. Rat extensor digitorum longus addition to the Group I NFAT_c1 proteinexpression and group C compared with significantly increased （P<0.05）, compared to theother group C group had no significant difference.The immunohistochemical assay Show: gastrocnemius NFAT_c1 protein expression indescending order: R group, group E, group I, group C, H group. Soleus NFAT_c1 proteinexpression in descending order of the R group, Group E, C group, H group and I group.Extensor digitorum longus NFAT_c1 protein expression in descending order: R group, E group,group C, group I, H group.2. FoxO1protein expressionWestern blotting analysis shows: the rat gastrocnemius Group E and R group NFAT_c1protein expression&C group compared to very significantly decreased （P<0.01）; H group and the group I NFAT_c1 protein expression in group C compared very significant liters high（P<0.01）. Rat soleus muscle group E and R group NFAT_c1 protein expression in group Ccompared to very significantly decreased （P<0.01）; the H group NFAT_c1 protein C groupcompared very significantly increased （P<0.01）; compared to the Group I and Group C wassignificantly increased （P<0.05）. Rat extensor digitorum longus Group E and R groupNFAT_c1 protein expression in group C compared to very significantly increased （P<0.01）;compared to the H group and the group I NFAT_c1 protein expression and group Csignificantly higher （P<0.05）.3. Types of muscle fibers:Group E rats in group C compared: the soleus muscle IIa type of muscle fiber contentsignificantly increased （P<0.05）, the content of type I muscle fibers not change; long toeextensor type IIa muscle fiber content significantly increased （P<0.01）, IIb types of musclefibers were significantly decreased （P<0.05）; gastrocnemius type IIa muscle fiber contentincreased significantly （P<0.01）, and Type IIb muscle fibers was significantly （P<0.01）.R group rats with C group compared: the soleus muscle IIa type of muscle fiber contentwas significantly higher （P<0.05）, and the content of type I muscle fibers withoutsignificantly with changes of; long toe extensor type IIa muscle fiber content wassignificantly higher （P<0.01）, IIb types of muscle fibers were significantly decreased （P<0.01）; gastrocnemius type IIa muscle fiber content increased significantly （P<0.05）, andType IIb muscle fibers was significantly （P<0.05）.H group rats in group C compared: soleus type I muscle fiber content, type IIa musclefiber content significantly increased （P<0.05）; long toe extensor type IIa muscle fiber contentwas significantly decreased （P<0.01）, Type IIb muscle fibers was significantly increased （P<0.01）; gastrocnemius type IIa muscle fibers were significantly decreased （P<0.05）, and TypeIIb muscle fibers were significantly increased （P<0.01）Group I rats compared with group C: soleus, extensor digitorum longus, andgastrocnemius type I and type IIa muscle fiber content no significant change.4. NFAT_c1, and FoxO1protein correlation analysis:Soleus and gastrocnemius muscle groups NFAT_c1 and FoxO1protein expression wasnegatively correlated with statistical significance. Extensor digitorum longus the variousgroups the NFAT_c1 and FoxO1protein expression was not significantly related.Conclusions:1.Resistance exercise allows skeletal muscle wet weight increase, the hind limbsoverhanging lead to decrease in muscle wet weight. 2.Endurance exercise and resistance training gastrocnemius and soleus NFAT_c1 proteinexpression induced increase in varying degrees, the hind limb overhanging the resultinggastrocnemius and soleus muscles NFAT_c1 protein expression decreased.3.Endurance exercise and resistance training-induced reduction of the gastrocnemius andsoleus FoxO1protein in varying degrees, the hind limbs overhanging resulting gastrocnemius,the soleus muscle extensor digitorum longus FoxO1protein expression increased.4.Endurance exercise and resistance exercise can make skeletal muscle to the slowdirection of the transition from fast type IIb to IIa shift, the I type basically has not changed.The drape group will cause skeletal muscle Slow to fast transformation （IIaâ†'IIb）. Theinjury group did not change.5.FoxO1and NFAT protein expression was negatively correlated with changes in thedifferent sports mode.6.FoxO1possible by the phosphatase calcineurin signaling pathway involved in theregulation of skeletal muscle fiber type conversion.