Building Of China’s Rural Old-age Service System In The Process Of Social Transformation

With the development of society and accelerating modernization process, aging of population has become an irreversible trend, and one of the major problems of the world. In2000, our country has already entered old age society, and the aging population is showing a rapid increase trend. And with the low birth rate, miniaturization and dwindling of the family, the trend of aging and empty nest is becoming more and more obvious. Thus the problem of old-age service is becoming more and more prominent and severe. Besides, our country is now in the period of social transformation, the weakening of family supporting function and relative lag of social supporting service causes the elderly, especially the rural elderly old-age service demand cannot be satisfied. And under the influence of the binary structure of urban and rural, social concern for rural old-age service is far less than the city. Thus it highlights the sharp contradiction of rural old-age service supply and demand. Therefore, studying of rural old-age service problems and exploring the establishment path and method of rural old-age service system have great practical significance to no matter solve the elderly service demand, ensure their later-life quality, or promote family harmony and social progress.Combining with the field survey data of Changcheng town in Shandong province and using the relative theory and method of sociology, this thesis analyzes the causes of deficiency about the rural old-aged service supply, and puts forward some suggestions to construct rural old-age service system. First, it describes the history and current situation of rural old-age service in China. On this basis, combined with the collected data of questionnaire and case interview, it analyzes basic situation of the respondents and survey area old-age service status, using logistic analysis and case analysis. Later, it defines and classifies the old-age social capital from the perspective of social capital, then analyzes a series of problems of the rural old-age service system. Next, it discusses the old-age service experience in developed countries, and some of what is worthy of reference for China. Finally, using the idea of systematic theory, based on the role of each responsibility body, it proposes the construction of diversified, universality and multi-level rural old-age service system. The conclusion are mainly:(1) Rural old-age system has become a sharp and unavoidable issue, and how to set up and improve the rural old-service system related to the elderly happiness and social harmony;(2) Coordinate the relationship between the family supporting and social supporting service supply is the top priority of the rural old-age service system development in the future;(3) Government, society, community and family are the common responsibility body of old-age service, and how to coordinate the relationship among them is the key to establish old-age service system.In this thesis, the innovation consists in that it puts forward the concept of old-age social capital, and divides it into family inner supporting old-age social capital and family external old-age social capital. Then from the perspective of social capital, analyzes the reason of the weakening of family supporting service and the deficient of social supporting service supply. Based on the idea of system theory, sketches the integration of all kinds of social capital, building of diversified, universality, multi-level rural old-age service system.