The Research On The Effect And Function Of The Subject Of Social Welfare In Japan And The Implications For China

Social welfare is vital the construction of people’s livelihood. It is not only a superstructure of a nation, but also an important aspect of building harmonious society. The lagging of the development of welfare could be a disadvantage to the construction of modernization of China. A well-built people’s livelihood is beneficial for the stabilization of the nation, and could raise citizens’happiness. Nowadays, the construction of people’s livelihood gets more and more attention globally, although China’s GDP has surpassed Japan as the second of the world by the rapid growth, the construction of people’s livelihood has not been following up. Now China is facing a situation that, the developing of economic is benefiting the people, while the construction of people’s livelihood is lagging behind.Japan has been though a devastated country after World War II, with the recovering of economic and developing of society, low birth rate, aging of population, lack of kindergarten and heavier living burden of disable people have been worse. On the other hand, the poverty problem of Japan society was deteriorating by the influence of recession for decades. The financial burden of government is more serious because the social safety net was not ready and the government must deal with the minimum living security payments. Those problems are all matters of social welfare policy. Japan government formed several pertinent policies to build a thorough system of social welfare. During the implementation of the policies, Japan rationally handled the power and finance division, and established a comprehensive welfare system. The welfare policies of the system could be revised or augmented by citizens’feedback, this made good progress in senior citizen, children and disables’welfare, and provide them more suitable service. The content of Japan’s social welfare policies could be a enlightenment to a developing country such as China.Since the reform and opening-up policy began, some progress has been made by China, including the proposing of social welfare, Moderate general social welfare. The developing of welfare and the equalization of public service has been accelerating by the new requirement proposed by the Twelfth Five-year Plan.However, there are many problems still concerning social welfare of China. The developing of welfare is depending on science, rational policy, which must clarify the division of responsibilities in the first place. The policies of China lacks operability and needs specification, the division of local power and finance is improper either, not mentioned the evasiveness of the departments, welfare administration misgoverning, limitation for NGO and insufficient participation of citizen. The social welfare no longer meets the demand of public service.The division of welfare policies (including power and finance) becomes urgent. It has strategic and realistic significance, and would be helpful for scientizing welfare of China, realizing equalizing public service and building harmonious society.In this thesis, the effect and function of the subject of social welfare, including central and local government institution, social institution and responsibility of welfare of citizens, was defined from the perspective of power and finance through the analysis of the division of Japan welfare policy. By the aiding of the experience of Japan, we analyzed the existing problems of China welfare policy, and proposed strategies and proposals for defining subject of social welfare policy and means of power and finance division, which has theoretical and practical significance.