Headman, Temples And Countries

With the author three months’ field work experience, this paper specifically presents the relationship of ethnic, religion and nation in the autonomous county of Sunan Yugur. Starting from the last Yugur leader An’s suicide in the anti-feudal struggle of1958,this paper will describe and analyze the historical representation of today people, rejuvenate the revival of Kanglong Temple and Obo worship ceremony, and retrospect the relationship between f political leaders and religious leaders during the Yugur tribal period, around the leader An and religion its internal society’s efforts to their national reconstruction on the present stage. At the same time, the country hopes to incorporate Yugur into the framework of the Chinese nation. The concluding section summarizes and analysis specific relationship of these three strategies, explains how the three coexistence in the Yugur society.The first chapter:Introduce the significance of the topic and the research ideas, including the theory of ethnos, Tibetan Buddhist church organization, research and theory of shamanism, Chieftain System part, church-state relations, Yugur cultural studies section; research methods.The second chapter:First, introduce the overview of my field sites, and decribe Sunan in my eyes and write ethnographic based on field experience. Combined with Geertz’s Theatre National theory, this chapter presented the entire county and made the interpretation and understanding the development of Sunan autonomous county established in1954, show the model center theater national temperament of Sunan county, analysis how it performed in ceremony, theater and other forms in the annual celebration moment. Explore how Sunan integrated internal ethnic relations in the theater performance forms and the efforts local community shapes Yugur today.The third chapter:Summarize anti-feudal struggle in1958,introduce the Yugur last leader An’s life. This chapter focus on how today’s people express their ideas of the last leader analyse their expresion of An’s revival including supporttive, opponent and intermediate views, and we can outline two national reconstruction programs:one is descendants’opinion of the last leader An, they will construct Yugur around the tribal leader. Another opinion is making Yugu become one of the ethnic minorities attached to Tibetan Buddhism and the country.The fourth chapter:First, sort out the Kanglong Temple reconstruction process, explain the historical and nowadays connection between Kanglong Temple and Tear Lamasary. Then, describe and analyze the details of daily monastic Buddhist activities. There was a princes Yamen served as the leader of offices and residences next Kanglong Temple during the tribal period, reflect the status which political leaders and the lama were in charge of politics and religion.The fifth chapter:This chapter describes the culture of Yugur Obo, showing the sacrifice of individuals, families Obo, and Obo ritual on East Niumao mountains, adding the analysis with mythology method. The Yugur Obo ceremony is one of the Yugur to identify themselves, the three strategies reflect through Obo worship:they reconsitute their nation around the leader, religion and culture. Finally, combining with the famous scholar Malov’s description of shaman ceremony, and dialogue with Heissig in Mongolian religion, compare with Yugur’s primitive shamanism development situation, believe that it is meaningless that primitive belief confirms the nation.The Conclusion:There are three reconsitution strategies,around the political leader and religion and nation. Combined with Dumont’s two concepts "the national community and the religious community." we believe that cultural, religion and nation coexist in Yugu society, they cooperate and constrain mutually.The Yugur swing between the national community and the religious community.